Bí-kok kok chiu ê phiau-gí lia̍t-toaⁿ

Pún bûn-chiong khai-lia̍t Bí-kok kok chiu, kok léng-thó͘, kap Washington D.C. ê phiau-gí (motto).

Phiau-gí

Chiu	Phiau-gí	Hoan-e̍k	Giân-gí	Chè-tēng ji̍t-chí	Chham-khó
Alabama	Audemus jura nostra defendere	Lán siú-hō͘ lán-ê khoân-lī!	La-teng-gí	1923 nî	[1]
Alaska	North to the future	Pak hiòng bī-lâi	Eng-gí	1967 nî	[2]
American Samoa	Samoa, Muamua Le Atua	Samoa, hō͘ Sîn chò thâu	Samoa-gí	1973 nî	[3]
Arizona	Ditat Deus	Sîn tio̍h chō͘-hù	La-teng-gí	1863 nî	[4][5]
Arkansas	Regnat populus	Jîn-bîn tī-lí	La-teng-gí	1907 nî	[6][N 1]
California	Eureka (Εὕρηκα)	Góa chhōe--tio̍h-ah	Hi-lia̍p-gí	1849 nî	[7][N 2]
Colorado	Nil sine numine	Bô siáⁿ-mi̍h m̄-sī thian-ì	La-teng-gí	1861 nî 11 goe̍h 6 ji̍t	[8]
Connecticut	Qui transtulit sustinet	Chai-chèng ê lâng thang chhî-kiú	La-teng-gí	1662 nî 10 goe̍h 9 ji̍t	[9]
Delaware	Liberty and Independence	Chū-iû kap To̍k-li̍p	Eng-gí	1847 nî	[10]
District of Columbia	Justitia Omnibus	Kong-gī ūi Choân	La-teng-gí	1871 nî 8 goe̍h 3 ji̍t	[11]
Florida	In God We Trust	Chāi Sîn Gún Sìn	Eng-gí	1868 nî	[12][N 3]
Georgia	Wisdom, Justice, Moderation	Tì-hūi, Kong-gī, Chún-chat	Eng-gí	1798 nî	[14][15]
Guam	—	—	—	—	[16]
Hawaii	Ua mau ke ea o ka ʻāina i ka pono	Che thó͘-tē ê sèⁿ-miā tī chèng-tong ni̍h toân éng-sè	Hawaii-gí	1843 nî 7 goe̍h 31 ji̍t	[17][18][N 4]
Idaho	Esto perpetua	Hō͘ i thoân éng-sè	La-teng-gí	1890 nî	[19]
Illinois	State sovereignty, national union	Chiu ê chú-khoân, kok-ka ê liân-bêng	Eng-gí	1819 nî	[20]
Indiana	The Crossroads of America	Bí-kok ê Si̍p-jī-lō͘-kháu	Eng-gí	1937 nî	[21]
Iowa	Our liberties we prize and our rights we will maintain	Lán ê chū-iû lán pó-sioh jî-chiá lán-ê khoân-lī lán ē î-chhî	Eng-gí	1847 nî	[22]
Kansas	Ad astra per aspera	To the stars through difficulties	La-teng-gí	1861 nî	[23]
Kentucky	United we stand, divided we fall Deo gratiam habeamus	Liân-ha̍p lán khiā chāi, hun-poah lán poa̍h-tó Lán lâi kám-un Sîn	Eng-gí La-teng-gí	1942 nî 2002 nî	[24]
Louisiana	Union, justice, confidence	Liân-ha̍p, kong-gī, sìn-sim	Eng-gí	1902 nî	[25]
Maine	Dirigo	Góa chhōa-thâu	La-teng-gí	1820 nî	[26]
Maryland	Fatti maschii, parole femine	Cha-po͘-khoán ê sit-hêng, cha-bó͘-khoán ê ōe	Italia-gí	1874 nî	[27][28]
Massachusetts	Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem	Chioh to-kiàm gún sûn hô-pêng, m̄-koh taⁿ chū-iû ē-té ê hô-pêng	La-teng-gí	1775 nî	[29]
Michigan	Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice	Lí nā beh sûn khùiⁿ-oa̍h ê poàn-tó, chiō chhōe lí (ka-tī)	La-teng-gí	1835 nî 6 goe̍h 2 ji̍t	[30][31]
Minnesota	L'étoile du Nord	Pak-hong chi chheⁿ	Hoat-gí	1861 nî	[32][N 5]
Mississippi	Virtute et armis	Í bú-ióng kap chhiú-pì	La-teng-gí	1894 nî 2 goe̍h 7 ji̍t	[33]
Missouri	Salus populi suprema lex esto	Hō͘ jîn-bîn ê hok-chí chò chì-tōa lu̍t-hoat	La-teng-gí	1822 nî 1 goe̍h 11 ji̍t	[34]
Montana	Oro y plata	N̂g-kim kap pe̍h-gîn	Se-pan-gâ-gí	1865 nî 2 goe̍h 9 ji̍t	[35]
Nebraska	Equality before the law	Chāi hoat-lu̍t chêng pêng-téng	Eng-gí	1867 nî	[36]
Nevada	All For Our Country	Lóng Ūi Lán-ê Kok-ka	Eng-gí	1866 nî 2 goe̍h 24 ji̍t	[37][N 6]
New Hampshire	Live Free or Die	Chū-iû óa bô chiō sí	Eng-gí	1945 nî	[38]
New Jersey	Liberty and prosperity	Chū-iû kap hoat-ta̍t	Eng-gí	1928 nî 3 goe̍h 26 ji̍t	[39]
New Mexico	Crescit eundo	Sûi-sî hoat-tián	La-teng-gí	1887 nî	[40][N 7]
New York	Excelsior	Éng-oán hiòng téng-bīn	La-teng-gí	1778 nî	[41]
North Carolina	Esse quam videri	Khí chò, m̄-ná sī khí kám-kak	La-teng-gí	1893 nî	[42]
North Dakota	Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable Strength from the Soil Serit ut alteri saeclo prosit	One sows for the benefit of another age	Eng-gí Eng-gí La-teng-gí	1863 nî 1 goe̍h 3 ji̍t 1957 nî 6 goe̍h 16 ji̍t 2011 nî 3 goe̍h 11 ji̍t	[43][44] [45] [46]
Northern Mariana Islands	—	—	—	—	[47]
Ohio	With God, all things are possible	Ū Sîn, só͘-ū tāi-chì lóng sī khó-lêng--ê.	Eng-gí	1959 nî 10 goe̍h 1 ji̍t	[48][N 8]
Oklahoma	Labor omnia vincit	Lô-tōng cheng-ho̍k só͘-ū mi̍h-kiāⁿ	La-teng-gí	1893 nî 3 goe̍h 10 ji̍t	[50][N 9]
Oregon	Alis volat propriis	I (She) ēng i ka-tī ê si̍t-á lâi poe	La-teng-gí	1854 nî	[53][N 10]
Pennsylvania	Virtue, liberty, and independence	Tek-hēng, chū-iû, kap to̍k-li̍p	Eng-gí	1875 nî	[54]
Puerto Rico	Joannes Est Nomen Eius	Iok-hān sī i ê miâ	La-teng-gí	1511 nî	[55][56][N 11]
Rhode Island	Hope	Ǹg-bāng	Eng-gí	1664 nî 5 goe̍h 4 ji̍t	[57]
South Carolina	Dum spiro spero Animis opibusque parati	Tong-góa chhoán-khùi, góa tio̍h ǹg-bāng Tī lêng-hûn kap chu-goân chún-pī hó-sè	La-teng-gí	1777 nî 5 goe̍h 22 ji̍t	[58]
South Dakota	Under God the people rule	Chāi Sîn chi hā jîn-bîn tī-lí	Eng-gí	1885 nî	[59]
Tennessee	Agriculture and Commerce	Lông-gia̍p kap Siong-gia̍p	Eng-gí	1802 nî 5 goe̍h 24 ji̍t	[60][N 12]
Texas	Friendship	Iú-ài	Eng-gí	1930 nî	[61]
Utah	Industry	Ké-soeh: ti̍t-chiap hoan-e̍k sī "sán-gia̍p", ū "khûn-lô" ê ì-sù	Eng-gí	1896 nî 5 goe̍h 3 ji̍t	[62][N 13]
Vermont	Freedom and Unity Stella quarta decima fulgeat	Chū-iû kap Kui-it Bāng che tē cha̍p-sì lia̍p cheⁿ kng-hiáⁿ	Eng-gí La-teng-gí	1779 nî 2 goe̍h 20 ji̍t 2015 nî 4 goe̍h 10 ji̍t	[64][65][66]
Virginia	Sic semper tyrannis	Po̍k-kun ê lóng-sī an-ni (sit-sè)	La-teng-gí	1776 nî	[67]
Virgin Islands	United in Pride and Hope	Tī Kiau-ngō͘ kap Ǹg-bāng lāi liân-ha̍p	Eng-gí	1991 nî 1 goe̍h 1 ji̍t	[68]
Washington	Al-ki	Bān-á-sī (By and by)	Chinook Jargon	—	[69][N 14]
West Virginia	Montani semper liberi	Khiā-soaⁿ-lâng tēng sī chū-iû--ê.	La-teng-gí	1863 nî 9 goe̍h 26 ji̍t	[70]
Wisconsin	Forward	Chiân-chìn	Eng-gí	1851 nî	[71]
Wyoming	Equal Rights	Pêng-téng ê Khoân-lī	Eng-gí	1893 nî	[72]

Chù-kái

1. The motto was originally designated as Regnant populi in 1864. It was changed to Regnat populus in 1907.^[6]
2. Eureka siāng chá tī 1849 nî chiō ēng tī chiu-chiong (seal) téng. 1963 nî ê sî chèng-sek hông chhái-ēng chò phiau-gí.^[7]
3. "In God We Trust" siāng chá chhut-hiān tī 1869 nî ê chiu-chiong téng. 2006 nî ê sî hông chí-tēng chò koaⁿ-hong phiau-gí.^[12][13]
4. The motto of Hawaii was first used by King Kamehameha III in 1843, after his restoration. In May 1845 it first appeared on the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Hawaii. It was made the official motto of the State of Hawaii on May 1, 1959.^[18]
5. Tī Minnesota Léng-thó͘ sî-kî ê hui-koan-hong piáu-gí sī Quae sursum volo videre, "góa phàn-bōng khòaⁿ tio̍h chhiau-jiân--ê", 1849 nî chhái-ēng.^[32]
6. The unofficial motto of the Nevada Territory was Volens et Potens, Willing and Able, which was on the territorial seal approved on November 29, 1861. This was changed to the current motto after statehood.^[37]
7. Crescit eundo was added to the territorial seal in 1882. Ths change was officially adopted by the legislature in 1887.^[40]
8. From 1866 to 1868, the motto Imperium in Imperio (Latin for "Empire within an Empire") appeared on the state seal.^[49]
9. Labor omnia vincit was on the territorial seal of 1893.^[51] It was specified as a feature of the seal in the 1907 State Constitution.^[52]
10. The motto of Oregon was "The Union" from 1957 until 1987, when the original 1854 motto of Alis volat propriis was restored.^[53]
11. The Spanish Crown gave Puerto Rico its coat of arms in 1511. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico officially adopted it on March 9, 1905.^[55]
12. The words "Agriculture" and "Commerce" appeared on the first state seal of 1802. "Agriculture and Commerce" was made the official state motto in 1987.^[60]
13. "Industry" siāng chá tī 1896 nî chhái-ēng tī chiu-chiong téng-bīn. 1959 nî 3 goe̍h 4 ji̍t chí-tēng chò koan-hong piau-gí.^[63]
14. Washington ê piau-gí sī î-it goân-chông hui-koan-hong--ê. Bô ēng tī chiu-chiong, mā bô keng-kòe chiu li̍p-hoat-hōe chí-tēng.

Chham-khó

1. "Official Alabama Motto". Alabama Emblems, Symbols and Honors. Alabama Department of Archives & History. February 13, 2008. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-06 khòaⁿ--ê.
2. "State Symbols". State of Alaska. goân-loē-iông tī July 18, 2008 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
3. Sorensen, Stan; Theroux, Joseph. "The Samoan Historical Calendar, 1607-2007" (PDF). American Samoa Government. p. 57. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-03-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
4. "Arizona State Seal". State of Arizona. goân-loē-iông tī 2009-06-10 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
5. "History of the Arizona State Seal". Arizona Secretary of State. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
6. "The Great Seal of Arkansas" (PDF). State of Arkansas. 2009-02-14 khòaⁿ--ê.
7. "History and Culture - State Symbols". State of California. goân-loē-iông tī 2019-01-05 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
8. "Colorado State Archives Symbols & Emblems". State of Colorado. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
9. "Sites, Seals & Symbols". State of Connecticut. June 9, 2008. 2009-02-14 khòaⁿ--ê.
10. "Delaware Facts and Symbols". State of Delaware. 14 August 2008. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
11. "About DC". District of Columbia. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
12. Shearer 30
13. "What is the state motto of Florida?". State of Florida. goân-loē-iông tī 2012-07-19 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
14. "State Seal". State of Georgia. goân-loē-iông tī 2014-05-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-14 khòaⁿ--ê.
15. "Georgia State Symbols". State of Georgia. goân-loē-iông tī 2012-11-30 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-04-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
16. Shearer 24
17. "Hawaii, the Aloha State". State of Hawaii. 2009-01-14. 2009-03-02 khòaⁿ--ê.
18. "Hawaii State Motto". NETSTATE.COM. 2009-02-15 khòaⁿ--ê.
19. "Idaho's State Motto" (PDF). Idaho State Historical Society. March 1970. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
20. "Seal of the State of Illinois". State of Illinois. 2009-02-15 khòaⁿ--ê.
21. "Emblems" (PDF). State of Indiana. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 2011-09-15 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
22. "Iowa State Symbols". State of Iowa. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
23. "Kansas Seal". State of Kansas. goân-loē-iông tī January 29, 2009 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
24. "Kentucky's State Symbols". Commonwealth of Kentucky. 2008-01-29. goân-loē-iông tī 2008-12-22 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê. The Latin motto was adopted by HB 857 Archived 2017-05-25 at the Wayback Machine. and is defined by KRS 2.105 Archived 2013-06-05 at the Wayback Machine..
25. "Kids' Page". State of Louisiana. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
26. "Emblems". State of Maine. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
27. "Maryland State Seal - Great Seal of Maryland (reverse)". Maryland State Archives. State of Maryland. April 21, 2005. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-14 khòaⁿ--ê.
28. "Maryland State Seal - Great Seal of Maryland". Maryland State Archives. State of Maryland. June 17, 2004. 2009-02-14 khòaⁿ--ê.
29. "Massachusetts Facts". Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
30. "History of the Great Seal". State of Michigan. 2009-02-14 khòaⁿ--ê.
31. "State Motto". State of Michigan. 22 August 2010 khòaⁿ--ê.
32. "Minnesota State Symbols". State of Minnesota. 2009-03-02 khòaⁿ--ê.
33. "State of Mississippi Symbols". State of Mississippi. goân-loē-iông tī April 29, 2009 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
34. "The Great Seal of Missouri". State of Missouri. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
35. "About the State Seal". State of Montana. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
36. "State Seal". State of Nebraska. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
37. "Nevada Information". State of Nevada. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 2009-01-30 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
38. "State Emblem". New Hampshire Almanac. State of New Hampshire. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
39. "The Great Seal of the State of New Jersey". State of New Jersey. goân-loē-iông tī 2009-01-15 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
40. "Great Seal of New Mexico". State of New Mexico. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
41. "New York State Flag and Great Seal of the State of New York". State of New York. March 31, 2008. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
42. "The State Symbols". State Library of North Carolina. State of North Carolina. 2009-01-22. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
43. "State Motto". State of North Dakota. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
44. Kingsbury, George. History of Dakota Territory (1915). Retrieved from the Internet Archive 12 May 2014.
45. "State Coat of Arms". State of North Dakota. 2016-10-02 khòaⁿ--ê.
46. "House Bill No. 1346". State of North Dakota. 2013-02-27 khòaⁿ--ê.
47. Shearer 23
48. "5.06 State motto". LAW Writer Ohio Laws and Rules. State of Ohio. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
49. "Great Seal of Ohio". Ohio History. Ohio Historical Society. 2011-04-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
50. Everett, Diana. "State Emblems". Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Oklahoma Historical Society. 2009-06-05 khòaⁿ--ê.
51. "Grand Seal of the Territory of Oklahoma" (PDF). Chronicles of Oklahoma. Oklahoma State University. 2009-06-05 khòaⁿ--ê.
52. "History of Oklahoma Emblems" (PDF). Chronicles of Oklahoma. Oklahoma State University. 2009-06-05 khòaⁿ--ê.
53. "State Motto Timeline". State of Oregon. goân-loē-iông tī 2007-08-10 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
54. "Symbols". Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. goân-loē-iông tī 2009-01-22 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
55. "Escudo de Puerto Rico". Government of Puerto Rico. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2011-04-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
56. "Description". Welcome to Puerto Rico. March 16, 2009. 2009-04-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
57. "State Symbols". State of Rhode Island. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
58. "Seals, Flags, House & Senate Emblems". State of South Carolina. 2009-04-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
59. "Signs and Symbols of South Dakota". State of South Dakota. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
60. "Tennessee Symbols And Honors" (PDF). Tennessee Blue Book. State of Tennessee. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
61. "Texas State Symbols". Texas State Library. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
62. "Great Seal of the State of Utah". State of Utah. goân-loē-iông tī 2009-03-31 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-04-05 khòaⁿ--ê.
63. "Utah State Motto and Emblem". State of Utah. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-07 khòaⁿ--ê.
64. "491. Coat of arms; crest; motto and badge". The Vermont Statutes Online. State of Vermont. 2015-04-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
65. "S.2" (PDF). Vermont Legislature. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 2015-04-16 hőng khó͘-pih. 2017-02-15 khòaⁿ--ê.
66. Thurston, Jack (10 April 2015). "After Confusion and Controversy, Vermont Gets New Latin Motto". NECN. 11 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.
67. "State Symbols, Seals and Emblems". Commonwealth of Virginia. November 12, 2008. goân-loē-iông tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-10 khòaⁿ--ê.
68. "Legislative Seal". Legislature of the Virgin Islands. goân-loē-iông tī 2008-12-16 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-15 khòaⁿ--ê.
69. "Symbols of Washington State". Washington State Legislature. goân-loē-iông tī 2007-03-05 hőng khó͘-pih. 2007-03-11 khòaⁿ--ê.
70. "State Seal of West Virginia". State of West Virginia. 2009-02-14 khòaⁿ--ê.
71. "Wisconsin State Symbols" (PDF). Wisconsin Blue Book. State of Wisconsin. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 2018-12-24 hőng khó͘-pih. 2009-02-14 khòaⁿ--ê.
72. "Great Seal". Wyoming Secretary of State's Office. 2009-02-14 khòaⁿ--ê.

Siong-koan

• Bí-kok kok chiu ê chhiok-hō lia̍t-toaⁿ