Kurd-gí

Kurd-gí (کوردی, Kurdî) sī chi̍t lūi Iran Gí-kûn ê giân-gí, liû-thong tī A-chiu se-pō͘, chú-iàu ê sú-iōng-chiá sī Kurd lâng. Pún giân-gí ē-tàng hun saⁿ khoán hong-giân, pau-koat Pak-pō͘ Kurd-gí (Kurmanji), Tiong-pō͘ Kurd-gí (Sorani) kap Lâm-pō͘ Kurd-gí (Pehlewani); tōa-hūn ê Kurd lâng kóng--ê sī Kurmanji khiuⁿ-kháu.

Kurd-gú
Kurdî / کوردی
Goân-chū kok-ka	Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Syria, Armenia, Azerbaijan
Sú-iōng tē-khu	Kurdistan, Anatolia, Caucasus, Khorasan, Kurdish diaspora
Bîn-cho̍k	Kurds
bú-gí sú-iōng-chiá	c. 20–30 million (2000–2010 est.)[1]
Gí-hē	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Iranian Western Northwestern Kurd-gú
Piau-chún-im	Kurmanji Sorani[2]
Hong-giân	Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji) Central Kurdish (Sorani) Southern Kurdish (Xwarîn, Palewani) Laki[3]
Bûn-jī hē-thóng	Hawar alphabet (Latin script; used mostly in Turkey and Syria) Sorani alphabet (Perso-Arabic script; used mostly in Iraq and Iran) Cyrillic alphabet (former Soviet Union) Armenian alphabet (1921-29 in Soviet Armenia)[4][5][6]
Koaⁿ-hong tē-ūi
Koaⁿ-hong gí-giân	Iraq[7][lower-alpha 1] Pang-bô͘:Country data Kurdistan Region[8] Pang-bô͘:Country data Rojava[9][10]
Sêng-jīn ê chió-sò͘ gí-giân	Armenia[11]
Gí-giân tāi-bé
ISO 639-1	ku
ISO 639-2	kur
ISO 639-3	kur – pau-hâm tāi-bé Pau-hâm tāi-bé: kmr – Northern Kurdish ckb – Central Kurdish sdh – Southern Kurdish lki – Laki Kurdish
Glottolog	kurd1259
Linguasphere	58-AAA-a (North Kurdish incl. Kurmanji & Kurmanjiki) + 58-AAA-b (Central Kurdish incl. Dimli/Zaza & Gurani) + 58-AAA-c (South Kurdish incl. Kurdi)
Geographic distribution of Kurdish dialects and other Iranian languages spoken by Kurds   Kurmanji   Sorani   Southern   Zaza   Gorani   mixed areas
Che bûn-chiong pau-hâm IPA hû-hō. Nā-sī bô siong-koan ê jī-hêng chi-oān, lí khó-lêng ē khoàⁿ tio̍h būn-hō, hng-kheng ia̍h-sī khî-thaⁿ hû-hō, bô-hoat-tō͘ chèng-siông hián-sī Unicode jī-goân. Chhiáⁿ lí khoàⁿ Help:IPA.

Tsù-sik

1. Official at state level

Tsù-kái

1. SIL Ethnologue gives estimates, broken down by dialect group, totalling 31 million, but with the caveat of "Very provisional figures for Northern Kurdish speaker population". Ethnologue estimates for dialect groups: Northern: 20.2M (undated; 15M in Turkey for 2009), Central: 6.75M (2009), Southern: 3M (2000), Laki: 1M (2000). The Swedish Nationalencyklopedin listed Kurdish in its "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), citing an estimate of 20.6 million native speakers.
2. Hassanpour, Amir (1992). Nationalism and language in Kurdistan, 1918-1985. San Francisco: Mellen Research University Press. ISBN 9780773498167.
3. "Atlas of the Languages of Iran A working classification". Languages of Iran. 25 May 2019 khòaⁿ--ê.
4. MacCagg, William O.; Silver, Brian D., pian. (1979). Soviet Asian Ethnic Frontiers. Pergamon Press. p. 94. ISBN 9780080246376. Since the most active Soviet Kurdish center has been and continues to be Yerevan, the first alphabet used for publishing Kurdish in the USSR was the Armenian alphabet.
5. Курдский язык (ēng Lō͘-se-a-gí). Krugosvet. ...в Армении на основе русского алфавита с 1946 (с 1921 на основе армянской графики, с 1929 на основе латиницы).
6. Khamoyan, M. (1986). "Քրդերեն [Kurdish language]". Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia Volume 12 (ēng Armenia-gí). p. 492. ...գրկ. լույս է տեսնում 1921-ից հայկ., 1929-ից՝ լատ., 1946-ից՝ ռուս. այբուբենով...
7. "Iraq's Constitution of 2005" (PDF). p. 4. 14 April 2019 khòaⁿ--ê.
8. "Kurdistan: Constitution of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region". 14 April 2019 khòaⁿ--ê.
9. "Social Contract - Sa-Nes". Self-Administration of North & East Syria Representation in Benelux. goân-loē-iông tī 9 December 2018 hőng khó͘-pih. 22 March 2019 khòaⁿ--ê. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
10. "Rojava could be a model for all Syria". Salih Muslim. Nationalita. 29 July 2014. 22 March 2019 khòaⁿ--ê.
11. Pavlenko, Aneta (2008). Multilingualism in post-Soviet countries. Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters. pp. 18–22. ISBN 978-1-84769-087-6.

Guā-pōo liân-kiat

Tī Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn: Kurdish language

Wikipedia

Wikipedia ū Kurmanji Kurdish ê pán-pún.

Wikipedia

Wikipedia ū Sorani Kurdish ê pán-pún.

Southern Kurdish test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator

Laki test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator

Wikivoyage has phrasebook for Kurdish.

• Wîkîferheng Archived 31 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine. (Kurdish Wiktionary)
• VejinBooks, collection of Kurdish literary and historical texts
• Vejin Dictionaries, collection of Kurdish dictionaries (written in Arabic script)
• The Kurdish Academy of Language (unofficial)
• Kurdînûs, a tool for writing in Kurdish and to convert texts from Arabic script to Latin script and vice versa Archived 2021-11-30 at the Wayback Machine.
• Egerîn, Kurdish (Kurmanji) search engine
• inKurdish: English–Kurdish Translation
• Dictio: English–Kurdish (Sorani) Dictionary
• The Kurdish Institute of Paris: Language and Literature
• Kurdish Language and Linguistics, at Encyclopedia Iranica (article written by Ludwig Paul)
• Reference Grammar with Selected Readings both for Sorani and Kurmanji, written by W. M. Thackston (Harvard University)
• History of Kurdish Written Literature, at Encyclopedia Iranica (article written by Philip G. Kryeenbroek)
• Kurdish Language Initiative of Seywan Institute
• Kurdish Institute of Istanbul
• KAL: The Kurdish Academy of Language
• Kurd-gí teh DMOZ
• Grammar of a Less Familiar Language (MIT OpenCourseWare)
• Southern Kurdish phonetic
• Gorani Influence on Central Kurdish Archived 2019-07-12 at the Wayback Machine.
• "Writing Kurdish Alphabetics in Java Programming Language". IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2016.