To̍k tshí-khún sik-im (ing-gú: voiced alveolar plosives; tso̍k khí-gûn sat-im), khí sat-im (ing-gú: dental plosives) hām āu khí-gûn sat-im (ing-gú: postalveolar plosives histsia po̍k-im (stops)) sī tsiâñ-tsē kháu-gú lāi-té sú-iōng ê hù-im luī-hîng. Kok-tsè im-piau lāi-té tāi-piáu tso̍k-khí im , khí-gûn im , hām khí-gûn āu -sat-im ê hû-hō sī ⟨d⟩ (sui-bóng hû-hō ⟨d̪⟩ ē-tàng iōng-teh khu-hun khí-sat-im, lî-tshiáñ ⟨d̠⟩ ē-tàng iōng-teh khu-hun āu khí-tsô im), í-kip tíng-kè ê X- SAMPA hû-hō uî ⟨d⟩. Kan-na u tsió-sòo kuí-tsióng gú-gên ē-tàng khu-hun gê-khí hā gê-tsô po̍k-im, pí-jū: Kota-gú , Toda-gú , Venda-gú hām tsi̍t-kuá-á Gaeilge-gú Irish gú-gên sī kî-tiong ê tsi̍t-sió pōo-hūn.
Tso̍k khí sat-im | |
---|---|
d̪ | |
IPA pian-hō | 104 408 |
pian-bé | |
HTML bé cha̍p-chìn-ūi |
d̪ |
Unicode cha̍p-la̍k-chìn-ūi | U+0064 U+032A |
X-SAMPA Im-piau |
d_d |
ASCII Im-piau |
d[ |
siaⁿ-im | |
|
Tsham-khó bûn-hèn
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- Mahootian, Shahrzad (1997), Persian, London: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-02311-4
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Tsham-ua̍t
- Luna 2
- Sím-kè: si̍t-tsiān hām Lí-lūn kî-khan (Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory)
- Digi Communications thong-sìn (Digi Communications )
- Pì iong oân-tûn bú-im (Pì iong uân-tûn guân-im/Close central rounded vowel)
- Pì chêng oân-tûn bú-im (Pì tsîng uân-tûn guân-im/Close front rounded vowel)
Guā-pōo lên-ket
- List of languages with [d] on PHOIBLE
IPA ê chú-imchart image • ![]() | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
pō͘-ūi → | tûn | chi̍h-koan | chi̍h-bīn | chi̍h-kūn | ||||||||||||||||||||||
↓ hng-hoat | siang-tûn | tûn-khí | chi̍h-tûn | khí | khí-gûn | gûn-āu | koàn-chi̍h | gûn-kok | ngē-kok | nńg-kok | siáu-chi̍h | ian | hoē-iàn | |||||||||||||
phīⁿ | m̥ | m | ɱ̊ | ɱ | n̼̊ | n̼ | n̥ | n | ɳ̊ | ɳ | ɲ̊ | ɲ | ŋ̊ | ŋ | ɴ̥ | ɴ | ||||||||||
sat | p | b | p̪ | b̪ | t̼ | d̼ | t | d | ʈ | ɖ | c | ɟ | k | ɡ | q | ɢ | ʡ | ʔ | ||||||||
ū si sat-chhat | ts | dz | tʃ | dʒ | ʈʂ | ɖʐ | tɕ | dʑ | ||||||||||||||||||
bô si sat-chhat | pɸ | bβ | p̪f | b̪v | tθ | dð | tθ̠ | dð̠ | t̠ɹ̠̊˔ | d̠ɹ̠˔ | cç | ɟʝ | kx | ɡɣ | qχ | ɢʁ | ʡħ | ʡʕ | ʔh | |||||||
ū si chhat | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | ʂ | ʐ | ɕ | ʑ | ||||||||||||||||||
bô si chhat | ɸ | β | f | v | θ̼ | ð̼ | θ | ð | θ̱ | ð̠ | ɹ̠̊˔ | ɹ̠˔ | ç | ʝ | x | ɣ | χ | ʁ | ħ | ʕ | h ʔ̞ |
ɦ ʔ̞ | ||||
kīn | ʋ | ɹ̥ | ɹ | ɻ̊ | ɻ | j̊ | j | ɰ̊ | ɰ | |||||||||||||||||
siám | ⱱ̟ | ⱱ | ɾ̼ | ɾ̥ | ɾ | ɽ̊ | ɽ | ɢ̆ | ʡ̮ | |||||||||||||||||
chùn | ʙ | r̼ | r̥ | r | ɽr̥ | ɽr | ʀ̥ | ʀ | ʜ | ʢ | ||||||||||||||||
pian sat-chhat | tɬ | dɮ | ʈɭ̊˔ | cʎ̥˔ | kʟ̝̊ | ɡʟ̝ | ||||||||||||||||||||
pian chhat | ɬ | ɮ | ɭ̊˔ | ʎ̥˔ | ʎ̝ | ʟ̝̊ | ʟ̝ | |||||||||||||||||||
pian kīn | l̼ | l̥ | l | ɭ̊ | ɭ | ʎ̥ | ʎ | ʟ̥ | ʟ | ʟ̠ | ||||||||||||||||
pian siám | ɺ̼ | ɺ | ɭ̆ | ʎ̮ | ʟ̆ |
Non-pulmonic consonants | |||||||||
kán-tan tap-chhùi | ʘ | ʘ̬ | ʘ̃ | ǀ | ǀ̬ | ǀ̃ | ǃ | ǃ̬ | ǃ̃ |
ǂ | ǂ̬ | ǂ̃ | ǁ | ǁ̬ | ǁ̃ | ǃ˞ | ǃ̬˞ | ǃ̃˞ | |
kî-thaⁿ tap-chhùi | ʘ̃ˀ | ʘˀ | ˀʘ̃ | ʘ͡q | ʘ͡qχ | ʘ͡qʼ | ʘ͡qχʼ | ¡ | ʞ |
loē-po̍k | ɓ | ɗ | ᶑ | ʄ | ɠ | ʛ | |||
ɓ̥ | ɗ̥ | ᶑ̥ | ʄ̊ | ɠ̊ | ʛ̥ | ||||
chek-âu | pʼ | tʼ | ʈʼ | cʼ | kʼ | qʼ | ʡʼ | ||
fʼ | θʼ | sʼ | ɬʼ | ʃʼ | ʂʼ | ɕʼ | xʼ | χʼ | |
tsʼ | tɬʼ | tʃʼ | ʈʂʼ | tɕʼ | cʎ̝̥ʼ | kxʼ | kʟ̝̊ʼ | qχʼ |
Co-articulated consonants | |||||
chhî-sio̍k | ʍ | w | ɥ̊ | ɥ | ɫ |
pì-ha̍p | k͡p | ɡ͡b | ŋ͡m | ɧ | |
t͡p | d͡b | n͡m | q͡ʡ |
— These tables contain phonetic symbols, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] |
— Where symbols appear in pairs, left–right represent the voiceless–voiced consonants. |
— Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible or not distinctive. |
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