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文化資本（法語：le capital culturel，英語：cultural capital）是一種已被廣為接受的社會學概念，由皮耶·波迪堯首先提出。波迪堯和讓–克洛德·帕斯隆於《文化再製與社會再製》一書中首次使用到了此一名詞。在本書中，他試圖去說明法國在1960年代間教育支出的不同。之後經過了再次地闡述和發展之後，文化資本在《資本的形式》（The Forms of Capital）中被指為另一個形式的資本，並在《國家貴族》（The State Nobility）中被指為較高等的教育。對於波迪堯來說，資本在一個交易系統中扮演着一種社會關係，而且這一詞並延伸至指所有不論是物質性的或是象徵性的商品，那些商品是稀有的且在特定的社會組成之下是值得去追尋的。而文化資本即是指包含了可以賦予權力和地位的累積文化知識的一種社會關係。
在《資本的形式》中，波迪堯區分出了四種類型的資本：
皮耶·布爾迪厄指出，文化資本包括三種子類型：具身化的、客體化的和制度化的。
- 具身化文化資本（Embodied Cultral Capital）是指被內化於個人中的文化資本，即個體所具有的，浸入身心的素質。例如基本的言行舉止，或知識，技能等。
- 客體化文化資本（Objectified Cultural Capital）是指個體在身外擁有的物品。如科學製置或藝術作品等物品。這些文化產品可以物理性地作為經濟資本被轉移（賣出），且「象徵性」地作為文化資本。然而，一個人雖然可以經由擁有一幅畫來得到具體文化資本，但若他有着相應類型的（因畫的轉買而可能或不會被轉移的）內含文化資本，他就可以只是「消費」這幅畫（了解其文化意涵）。
- 制度化文化資本（Institutionalised Cultural Capital）是指個人所持有的文化資本在制度上被廣泛認可，一般最常指的是學業證書或執照。這主要是在勞動市場裏被認知。它允許文化資本能較為簡易地被轉變成經濟資本，經由對成就在制度上的等級加以給定其金錢價值。
- De Graaf, N., De Graaf, P., & Kraaykamp, G., (2000) 「Parental cultural capital and educational attainment in the Netherlands: a refinement of the cultural capital perspective」 in Sociology of Education, v.73, i.2, pp.92-11
- Dolby, N., (2000) 「Race, National, State: Multiculturalism in Australia」 in Arena Magazine, v.45, pp.48-51
- Dumais, S., (2002) 「Cultural Capital, Gender, and School Success: the role of habitus」 in Sociology of Education, v.75, i.1, pp.44-68
- Emirbayer, M., & Williams, E., (2005) 「Bourdieu and Social Work」 in Social Service Review, v.79, i.4 p689-725
- Emmison, M., & Frow, J., (1998) 「Information Technology as Cultural Capital」 in Australian Universities Review, Issue 1/1998, p.41-45
- Gorder, K., (1980) 「Understanding School Knowledge: a critical appraisal of Basil Bernstein and Pierre Bourdieu」 in Robbins, D., (2000) Pierre Bourdieu Volume II, Sage Publications, London, pp.218-233
- Harker, R., (1990) 「Education and Cultural Capital」 in Harker, R., Mahar, C., & Wilkes, C., (eds) (1990) An Introduction to the Work of Pierre Bourdieu: the practice of theory, Macmillan Press, London
- Kalmijn, M., & Kraaykamp, G., (1996) 「Race, cultural capital, and schooling: An analysis of trends in the United States」 in Sociology of Education, v.69, i.1, pp.22-34
- King, A., 「Structure and Agency」 in Harrington, A., (ed) (2005) Modern Social Theory: an introduction, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp.215-232
- Kingston, P., (2001) 「The Uunfulfilled Promise of Cultural Capital Theory」 in Sociology of Education, Extra Issue, pp.88-99
- Martin, B., & Szelenyi, I., (1987) 「Beyond Cultural Capital: toward a theory of symbolic domination」 in Robbins, D., (ed) (2000) Pierre Bourdieu Volume I, Sage Publications, London, pp.278-302
- Robbins, D., (1991) The Work of Pierre Bourdieu: recognising society, Open University Press, Buckingham
- Robinson, R., & Garnier, M., (1986) 「Class Reproduction among Men and Women in France: reproduction theory on its home ground」 in Robbins, D., (ed) (2000) Pierre Bourdieu Volume I, Sage Publications, London, pp.144-153
- Rössel, Jörg and Claudia Beckert-Zieglschmid, 2002: Die Reproduktion kulturellen Kapitals. Zeitschrift für Soziologie 31: 497 - 513.
- Stanton-Salazar, R., & Dornbusch, S., (1995) 「Social Capital and the Reproduction of Inequality: information networks among Mexican-origin high school students」 in Sociology of Education (Albany), v.68, i.2
- Webb, J., Schirato, T. & Danaher, G., (2002) Understanding Bourdieu, Sage Publications, London
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- Cultural Reproduction and Social Reproduction Bourdieu and Passeron. In Richard K. Brown (Ed.), Knowledge, Education and Cultural Change. London: Tavistock.
- Les Trois états du capital culturel in Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales, 30 (1979), pp. 3–6.
- The Forms of Capital: English version published 1986 in J.G. Richardson's Handbook for Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, pp. 241–258.
- 0803983204&id=vl0n9_wrrbUC&dq=%22Reproduction+in+Education%22 Bourdieu,Pierre and Jean Claude Passeron, (1990) Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture, Sage Publications Inc, ISBN 0803983204
- Bourdieu,Pierre (1996), The State Nobility, Translated by Lauretta C. Clough Foreword by Loic J. D. Wacquant,
- 0226785955&id=wtv6upysjjgC&dq=%22cultural+capital%22 Swartz,David (1998), Culture and Power: The Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu, University of Chicago Press ISBN 0226785955
- 0202305244&id=_CmvGsWXwYcC&dq=%22cultural+capital%22 Farkas,George (1996), Human Capital Or Cultural Capital?: Ethnicity and Poverty Groups in an Urban School District,Publisher: Aldine Transaction, ISBN 0202305244 and [1] （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
- 0803976267&id=TAQ4FXkKEf8C&dq=%22The+State+Nobility+%22 Fowler,Bridget (1997), Pierre Bourdieu and Cultural Theory, Sage Publications Inc, ISBN 0803976267
- First published 1983 in German as Ökonomisches Kapital - Kulturelles Kapital - Soziales Kapital in Soziale Ungleichheiten, edited by Reinhard Kreckel, pp. 183–198.
- The Forms of Capital
- HyperBourdieu World Catalogue) "A comprehensive, contextual and referential bibliography and mediagraphy of all works and public statements by Pierre Bourdieu" （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
- 0761973419&id=ACA5u-F2PlMC&pg=PA37&lpg=PA37&dq=%22cultural+capital%22&sig=Q4zsnh-3tlJ-GwSFMJGc2kA3KKI The Sage Dictionary of Cultural Studies
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