四靈是指南宋四位浙江詩人趙師秀號靈秀、徐照字靈暉、徐璣號靈淵、翁卷字靈舒，每人的字號中都有「靈」字，故時人稱為「永嘉四靈」，其中又以趙師秀「最為佼佼者」[1]被推為四靈之冠[2]。四靈派的出現是力矯江西詩派之缺失。[3]四靈詩派學晚唐，詩宗賈島、姚合[4]，不免有「破碎尖酸之病」，劉克莊曾受四靈派詩人趙師秀、翁卷影響，喜好雕琢。葉適編《四靈詩選》，選其詩五百篇。方回批評四靈：「所用料不過『花、竹、鶴、僧、琴、藥、茶、酒』，於此數物一步不可離，而氣象小矣。」[5]
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