Opiorphin

Opiorphin是一種首先從人類唾液中分離出來的內源性化合物。對小鼠的初步研究表明，該化合物的止痛效果高於嗎啡^[2]。它的止痛機制是阻止腦啡肽（脊髓中的天然止痛阿片類藥物）的正常分解。它由五個氨基酸多肽Gln - Arg - Phe - Ser -Arg (QRFSR) 組成，是一種相對簡單的分子。^{[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]}

Opiorphin[1]
IUPAC名 (2S,5S,8S,11S,14S)-14,17-diamino-8-benzyl-2,11-bis(3-guanidinopropyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-4,7,10,13,17-pentaoxo-3,6,9,12-tetraazaheptadecan-1-oic acid
別名	Gln-Arg-Phe-Ser-Arg; L-Glutaminyl-L-arginyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-seryl-L-arginine
識別
CAS號	864084-88-8  Y
PubChem	25195667
ChemSpider	28296048
SMILES	O=C([C@H](CO)NC([C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC([C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC([C@H](CCC(N)=O)N)=O)=O)=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCNC(N)=N
InChI	1/C29H48N12O8/c30-17(10-11-22(31)43)23(44)38-18(8-4-12-36-28(32)33)24(45)40-20(14-16-6-2-1-3-7-16)25(46)41-21(15-42)26(47)39-19(27(48)49)9-5-13-37-29(34)35/h1-3,6-7,17-21,42H,4-5,8-15,30H2,(H2,31,43)(H,38,44)(H,39,47)(H,40,45)(H,41,46)(H,48,49)(H4,32,33,36)(H4,34,35,37)/t17-,18-,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1
InChIKey	TWWFCOBVAKAKIT-SXYSDOLCBM
性質
化學式	C29H48N12O8
摩爾質量	692.77 g·mol−1
若非註明，所有數據均出自標準狀態（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。

參考資料

1. Opiorphin （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） at Sigma-Aldrich（英語：Sigma-Aldrich）
2. Rougeot C, Robert F, Menz L, Bisson JF, Messaoudi M. Systemically active human opiorphin is a potent yet non-addictive analgesic without drug tolerance effects. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. August 2010, 61 (4): 483–90. PMID 20814077.
3. Dickinson DP, Thiesse M. cDNA cloning of an abundant human lacrimal gland mRNA encoding a novel tear protein. Curr. Eye Res. April 1996, 15 (4): 377–86. PMID 8670737. doi:10.3109/02713689608995828.
4. Andy Coghlan. Natural-born painkiller found in human saliva. New Scientist. November 13, 2006. （原始內容存檔於2007-01-27）.
5. Natural chemical 'beats morphine'. BBC News. November 14, 2006 [2022-07-31]. （原始內容存檔於2022-03-24）.
6. Mary Beckman. Prolonging Painkillers. ScienceNOW. November 13, 2006 [2022-07-31]. （原始內容存檔於2007-12-12）.
7. Stanović S, Boranić M, Petrovecki M, et al. Thiorphan, an inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase/enkephalinase (CD10/CALLA) enhances cell proliferation in bone marrow cultures of patients with acute leukemia in remission. Haematologia (Budap). 2000, 30 (1): 1–10. PMID 10841318. doi:10.1163/15685590051129814.
8. Thanawala V, Kadam VJ, Ghosh R. Enkephalinase inhibitors: potential agents for the management of pain. Curr Drug Targets. October 2008, 9 (10): 887–94. PMID 18855623. doi:10.2174/138945008785909356.
9. Davies KP. The role of opiorphins (endogenous neutral endopeptidase inhibitors) in urogenital smooth muscle biology. J Sex Med. March 2009,. 6 Suppl 3: 286–91. PMC 2864530 . PMID 19267851. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.01186.x.
10. Tian XZ, Chen J, Xiong W, He T, Chen Q. Effects and underlying mechanisms of human opiorphin on colonic motility and nociception in mice. Peptides. July 2009, 30 (7): 1348–54. PMID 19442408. S2CID 32291165. doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2009.04.002.