穀米螺科(學名:Marginellidae)是新腹足目下一個腹足綱軟體動物的科。其物種體型細小,在新腹足目物種當中甚至是最細小的一類[2];不過色彩卻很豐富。除兩個淡水物種以後,其餘皆為海洋物種。
分類學
長久以來,本科物種的分類都在混亂狀態:不少流行出版物依然把本科所有物種全歸類到穀米螺屬去,因為牠們從其螺殼來看,至少表面來看很相似。
分類上的混亂源於這樣一個事實:早期的分類相當粗略地基於螺殼的特徵。儘管該組中確實存在許多可用來分辨不同物種的良好螺殼特徵,但這些特徵通常被誤解或不被認為是重要的。活體動物齒舌和外部解剖結構上確實存在的此類資訊廣泛散佈在科學文獻中,而內部解剖學描述直到最近才出現。
2019年,一項對於穀米螺科及Cystiscidae科物種(即俗稱的「類穀米螺物種」,marginelliform)的分子生物學研究為本科物種間的關係重新建立系統發生樹;這項由Fedosov A.E., Caballer Gutierrez M., Buge B., Sorokin P.V., Puillandre N., Bouchet P.共同進行的研究還確立了穀米螺科跟渦螺科(Volutidae)、Cystiscidae(舊屬吸螺目[3])及Marginellonidae的關係較為密切,應合組成為渦螺總科(Volutoidea)[2]。在較舊的分類,本科被歸入到骨螺總科[4]。
形態描述
穀米螺科物種的螺殼通常很小,但依不同物種的殼大小不同,從微小到中等大小不等。
螺殼外部的顏色可以是白色、奶油色、黃色、橙色、紅色或棕色,並且可以是均勻的顏色,也可以形成各種圖案。胎殼是少螺旋的。殼唇較厚,可以是光滑的,也可以是有小齒的。縱張肋可以存在或不存在,虹吸切跡可以存在或不存在。小柱可能有 2-6 個褶皺。本科物種沒有螺厴。
下屬分類
- Janaginella T. Cossignani & Lorenz, 2021
- Subfamily Austroginellinae G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995
- Alaginella Laseron, 1957
- Austroginella Laseron, 1957
- † Conuginella Laseron, 1957
- Hydroginella Laseron, 1957
- Marigordiella Espinosa & Ortea, 2010
- Mesoginella Laseron, 1957
- † Mioginella Laseron, 1957
- Ovaginella Laseron, 1957
- Protoginella Laseron, 1957
- Serrata Jousseaume, 1875
- † Stromboginella Laseron, 1957
- 穀米螺亞科 Marginellinae Fleming, 1828
- Africosta S. G. Veldsman, 2022
- Dentimargo Cossmann, 1899
- Eratoidea Weinkauff, 1879
- † Euryentome Cossmann, 1899
- Gibbacousteau Espinosa & Ortea, 2013
- 糙米螺屬 Glabella Swainson, 1840
- 穀米螺屬 Marginella Lamarck, 1799
- † Myobarbum Sohl, 1963
- Nudifaba Eames, 1952
- Simplicoglabella Sacco, 1890
- †Stazzania Sacco, 1890
- Volvarina Hinds, 1844
- Subfamily Pruninae G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995
- Balanetta Jousseaume, 1875
- Bullata Jousseaume, 1875
- Closia Gray, 1857
- Cryptospira Hinds, 1844
- Hyalina Schumacher, 1817
- Mirpurina Ortea, Moro & Espinosa, 2019
- Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852
- Rivomarginella Brandt, 1968
亞科地位未定
- Demissa Boyer, 2016
異名
- Granulininae G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995: synonym of Granulinidae G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995 (original rank)
- Marginelloninae Coan, 1965: synonym of Marginellonidae Coan, 1965 (original rank)
- Carinaginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Alaginella Laseron, 1957
- Cassoginella Laseron, 1957 †: synonym of Alaginella Laseron, 1957
- Deviginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Mesoginella Laseron, 1957
- Haloginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Serrata Jousseaume, 1875
- Neptoginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Hydroginella Laseron, 1957
- Pillarginella Gabriel, 1962: synonym of Hydroginella Laseron, 1957
- Plicaginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Austroginella Laseron, 1957
- Serrataginella G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995: synonym of Serrata Jousseaume, 1875
- Sinuginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Mesoginella Laseron, 1957
- Spiroginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Mesoginella Laseron, 1957
- Triginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Alaginella Laseron, 1957
- Cucumis "Klein": synonym of 穀米螺屬 Lamarck, 1799 (unavailable name)
- Faba P. Fischer, 1883: synonym of 印堂穴 Swainson, 1840 (objective synonym of Glabella)
- Longinella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Dentimargo Cossmann, 1899 (preoccupied by Longinella Gros & Lestage, 1927 [Ephemeroptera])
- Marginellarius Duméril, 1805: synonym of 穀米螺屬 Lamarck, 1799
- Marginellus Montfort, 1810: synonym of 穀米螺屬 Lamarck, 1799 (unjustified emendation of Marginella)
- Porcellana Gray, 1847: synonym of 穀米螺屬 Lamarck, 1799 (invalid: junior homonym of Porcellana Lamarck, 1801 [Crustacea])
- Pseudomarginella Maltzan, 1880: synonym of 穀米螺屬 Lamarck, 1799
- Volvarinella Habe, 1951: synonym of Dentimargo Cossmann, 1899
- Egouana: synonym of Egouena Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852 (invalid: incorrect alternative original spelling)
- Egouena Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852
- Gibberulina Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Bullata Jousseaume, 1875
- Leptegouana Woodring, 1928: synonym of Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852
- Porcellanella Conrad, 1863 †: synonym of Prunum Herrmannsen, 1852 ( invalid: junior homonym of Porcellanella White, 1852 [Crustacea].)
- Volutella Swainson, 1831: synonym of Bullata Jousseaume, 1875 (invalid: junior homonym of Volutella Perry, 1810 [Vasidae])
參考文獻
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外部連結
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