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高，在美國及歐洲較少。全世界約有20億人曾感染過B型肝炎。 歐洲第一次有充份紀錄的性病（後來確認是梅毒）爆發是在1494年，在義大利戰爭（英语：Italian War of 1494–98）中包圍那不勒斯的法軍中所爆發。此疾病可能從哥倫布大交換時引入。疾病從那不勒斯起席捲了整個歐洲，死亡人數超過五百