为激励红军指战员的主动性,苏共临时废除了政治委员,重新引入正式的军衔和徽章,并接受了近卫称号。英勇异常或表现优异的部队被授予近卫头衔(例如近卫特别步兵第1军(英语:1st Guards Special Rifle Corps)、近卫坦克第6集团军)。处分制度也被应用;懈怠或以自伤逃避战斗者、胆怯者、盗窃者和逃兵会被内务人民委员部处罚特遣
the U.S. Marine Corps. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 1984. ISBN 0-87021-785-2. . Spires, David, Air Power for Patton's Army: The XIX Tactical
Defense Express. 2022-08-29 [2023-05-13]. (原始内容存档于2023-02-04). Russia's newest armycorps lost many of its tanks in an offensive because it simply copied