黑三稜屬（學名：Sparganium），屬香蒲科，約20餘種，分佈在北溫帶和澳洲，中國有約6種，分佈在東北到西南一帶。
特徵與習性
本屬植物為水生植物，生長在沼澤地帶和湖泊邊緣淺水處，有根莖和莖；葉狹長，無柄，直立或浮水；花單性，雌雄同株，每一花序上，雄花束生於雌花束之上，花被由延長的鱗片組成；果實的外果皮為海綿質。
分類
1981年的克朗奎斯特分類法將其列入香蒲目，獨成一科——黑三稜科（Sparganiaceae Hanin, nom. cons.），1998年根據基因親緣關係分類的APG 分類法將其放在新設立的禾本目內。
由於分子研究顯示本屬與香蒲屬的關係最親近，2003年APG II便建議將黑三稜科與同為單型的香蒲科合併，2009年APG III將其併入香蒲科[1]。
本屬包括以下物種：
- Sparganium alpinum D.Don ex G.Don, 1830
- Sparganium americanum Nutt.
- Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.) Morong
- 線葉黑三稜 Sparganium angustifolium Michx.
- Sparganium angustifolium × emersum
- Sparganium angustifolium × emersum
- Sparganium angustifolium × glomeratum
- Sparganium angustifolium × gramineum
- Sparganium angustifolium × hyperboreum
- Sparganium angustifolium × natans
- Sparganium antiquum Berry, 1924
- 穗狀黑三稜 Sparganium confertum Y.D.Chen
- Sparganium coreanum H.Lev.Repert., 2013
- Sparganium diversifolium Asch.
- Sparganium emersum Rehmann
- Sparganium emersum × erectum
- Sparganium emersum × glomeratum
- Sparganium emersum × gramineum
- Sparganium emersum × hyperboreum
- Sparganium emersum × natans
- Sparganium erectum L.
- Sparganium erectum Wahlenb.
- Sparganium erectum × microcarpum
- Sparganium erectum × neglectum
- Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm.
- Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. ex Gray
- 曲軸黑三稜 Sparganium fallax Graebn.
- Sparganium fluctuans (Engelm.) B.L.Rob.
- 短序黑三稜 Sparganium glomeratum (Laest. ex Beurl.) Beurl.
- 短序黑三稜 Sparganium glomeratum (Laest.) Neuman
- Sparganium glomeratum × natans
- Sparganium gramineum Georgi
- Sparganium gramineum × natans
- 無柱黑三稜 Sparganium hyperboreum Beurl. ex Laest.
- 無柱黑三稜 Sparganium hyperboreum Laest. ex Beurl.
- Sparganium hyperboreum × natans
- Sparganium japonicum Rothert
- Sparganium kawakamii H.Hara
- 沼生黑三稜 Sparganium limosum Y.D.Chen
- Sparganium longifolium Don ex Druce, 1888
- Sparganium longifolium Turcz.
- Sparganium microcarpum × neglectum
- Sparganium minimum Hill, 1756
- 矮黑三稜 Sparganium natans L.
- 矮黑三稜 Sparganium natans Oeder
- Sparganium nipponicam Makino, 1905
- Sparganium nuttallii Engelm., 1900
- Sparganium palustris L.
- Sparganium parvum Hickey, 1977
- Sparganium polyedrum Asch. & Graebn.
- Sparganium probatovae Tzvelev
- Sparganium rothertii Tzvelev
- Sparganium stoloniferum (Buch.-Ham. ex Graebn.) Buch.-Ham. ex Juz.
- Sparganium stoloniferum Buch.-Ham.
- Sparganium stygium Heer, 1855
- Sparganium subglobosum Morong
- 雲南黑三稜 Sparganium yunnanense Y.D.Chen
- 雜交種：
- Sparganium ×longifolium Turcz. ex Ledeb.
- Sparganium ×oligocarpon Ångstr.
- Sparganium ×speirocephalum Neuman
- Sparganium ×splendens Meinsh.
參考文獻
外部連結
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