鬚鯨通常指鬚鯨小目(學名:Mysticeti),是一類大型海洋哺乳動物,與齒鯨小目共為現代鯨類的兩大分支,其現存成員牙齒退化,藉由口中的角質鯨鬚濾食甲殼動物和小魚等。此外鬚鯨在狹義上亦可專指以下鯨類:

  • 鬚鯨科(學名:Balaenopteridae),鬚鯨小目的一個分支;在某些文獻中,為使「鬚鯨」一詞泛指整個鬚鯨小目,避免其狹義化,而將鬚鯨科另稱作wan1鯨科
  • 鬚鯨屬(學名:Balaenoptera),鬚鯨科的一個分支,在某些文獻中也稱鰮鯨屬(同上,旨在消除「鬚鯨」一詞的歧義,令其泛指鬚鯨小目,而非專指該屬)

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