雅士谷金盃

英國雅士谷金盃是一場只限四歲或以上馬匹參賽的平地一級賽，每年6月在雅士谷馬場舉行，路程為兩哩3化郎210碼（4014米）。

雅士谷金盃
1834年的雅士谷金盃 James Pollard

它是英國最負盛名的超長途賽事，傳統上安排在皇家雅士谷賽期的第三天舉行，這天也普遍被稱為女士日。民間習慣把這場賽事稱為雅士谷金盃，但官方的名稱其實只是金盃（Gold Cup）。2016年適逢英女皇伊利沙伯二世90歲大壽，賽事也冠名為女皇90壽辰金盃^[1]。

歷史

設於1807年^[2]，初期開放予三歲或以上賽駒競逐，首屆冠軍Master Jackey獲得100堅尼獎金，當時英皇佐治三世和夏綠蒂皇后也在場見證。

俄國皇帝尼古拉一世在1844年國事訪問英國，順道到雅士谷馬場觀看金盃賽事。該年的冠軍馬當時尚未取名，英國便稱牠為皇帝（The Emperor）以答謝尼古拉一世的到訪。作為回禮，尼古拉一世為賽事提供新的冠軍獎座，賽事也改名為皇帝碟（Emperor's Plate）。不過此名只維持了9年，1853年克里米亞戰爭爆發，隨着翌年英國向俄國宣戰，賽事便恢復原稱。

雅士谷金盃是英國長途馬三冠系列的第一關，次關為古活盃（Goodwood Cup, 3219米）、尾關為唐卡士打盃（Doncaster Cup, 3621米）。對上一匹能連奪三關的賽駒為1995年的Double Trigger。

皇家雅士谷賽期有三個永久獎盃，分別是皇家狩獵盃、女皇瓶和雅士谷金盃，獲勝馬匹的馬主可以永久保有獎盃。史上有多匹馬曾不止一次在金盃勝出，當中贏得最多的是詩人作家，連續在2006至2009年四奪此殊榮。

歷屆冠軍

年份	馬匹	年齡	騎師	練馬師	馬主	時間
1807	Master Jackey	3
1808	Brighton	4
1809	Anderida	4
1810	Loiterer	4
1811	Jannette	4
1812	Flash	3
1813	Lutzen	4
1814	Pranks	5
1815	Aladdin	5
1816	Anticipation	4
1817	Sir Richard	4
1818	Belville	7
1819	Anticipation	7
1820	Champignon	4	T A Fraser
1821	Banker	5	W Butler	Duke of York
1822	Sir Huldibrand	4	J Ramsbottom
1823	Marcellus	4	Will Wheatley	William Chifney	Earl of Darlington
1824	Bizarre	4	Bill Arnull	R D Boyce	Lord G H Cavendish
1825	Bizarre	5	Bill Arnull	R D Boyce	Lord G H Cavendish
1826	Chateau Margaux	4	George Dockeray	R Stephenson	C Wyndham
1827	Memnon	5	Sam Chifney, Jr.	William Chifney	Earl of Darlington
1828	Bobadilla	3	Thomas Lye	Robert Pettit	A Molony
1829	Zinganee	4	Sam Chifney, Jr.	William Chifney	6th Earl of Chesterfield
1830	Lucetta	4	Jem Robinson	H Scott	Sir Mark Wood, 2nd Baronet
1831	Cetus	4	Jem Robinson	H Scott	Sir Mark Wood, 2nd Baronet
1832	Camarine	4	Jem Robinson	H Scott	Sir Mark Wood, 2nd Baronet
1833	Galata	4	Bill Arnull	Charles Marson	2nd Marquess of Exeter
1834	Glaucus	4	William Scott	John Scott	6th Earl of Chesterfield
1835	Glencoe	4	Jem Robinson	James Edwards	5th Earl of Jersey
1836	Touchstone	5	John Barham Day	John Scott	1st Marquess of Westminster
1837	Touchstone	6	William Scott	John Scott	1st Marquess of Westminster
1838	Grey Momus	3	William Day	John Barham Day	Lord George Bentinck
1839	Caravan	5	Jem Robinson	Isaac Day	Isaac Day
1840	St Francis	5	Sam Chifney, Jr.	Robert Pettit	Robert Pettit
1841	Lanercost	6	W Noble	William I'Anson	W Ramsay
1842	Beeswing	9	D Cartwright	William Orde
1843	Ralph	5	Jem Robinson	W Edwards	4th Earl of Albemarle
1844	The Emperor	3	G Whitehouse	W Edwards	4th Earl of Albemarle
1845	The Emperor	4	G Whitehouse	W Edwards	4th Earl of Albemarle
1846	Alarm	4	Nat Flatman	Montgomery Dilly	Charles Greville
1847	The Hero	4	Alfred Day	John Barham Day	John Barham Day
1848	The Hero	5	Alfred Day	John Barham Day	John Barham Day
1849	Van Tromp	5	Charles Marlow	John Fobert	13th Earl of Eglinton
1850	The Flying Dutchman	4	Charles Marlow	John Fobert	13th Earl of Eglinton
1851	Woolwich	5	Job Marson	John Scott	A Campbell
1852	Joe Miller	3	G Mann	William Day	Mr Farrance
1853	Teddington	5	Job Marson	Alec Taylor, Sr.	John Massey Stanley
1854	West Australian	4	Alfred Day	John Scott	1st Baron Londesborough
1855	Fandango	3	T Ashmall	George Abdale	2nd Earl of Zetland
1856	Winkfield	5	J Bartholomew	S Death	S Walker
1857	Skirmisher	3	J Charlton	George Abdale	2nd Earl of Zetland
1858	Fisherman	5	John Wells	T Parr	J B Starkey
1859	Fisherman	6	W Cresswell	T Parr	F Higgins
1860	Rupee	3	H Grimshaw	Jos Dawson	7th Earl of Stamford
1861	Thormanby	4	Harry Custance	Mathew Dawson	James Merry
1862	Asteroid	4	John Wells	G Manning	Sir Joseph Hawley
1863	Buckstone	4	A Edwards	Mathew Dawson	James Merry
1864	Scottish Chief	3	H Covey	Mathew Dawson	James Merry
1865	Ely	4	Harry Custance	Tom Olliver	W S Cartwright
1866	Gladiateur	4	H Grimshaw	Tom Jennings	Frédéric de Lagrange
1867	Lecturer	4	George Fordham	John Day	4th Marquess of Hastings
1868	Blue Gown	3	Tom Cannon	John Porter	Sir Joseph Hawley
1869	Brigantine	3	F Butler	William Day	Sir Frederick Johnstone
1870	Sabinus	3	R Rowell	J G Hessey
1871	Mortemer	6	George Fordham	Tom Jennings	C. J. Lefevre
1872	Henry	4	George Fordham	Tom Jennings	C. J. Lefevre
1873	Cremorne	4	Charles Maidment	William Gilbert	Henry Savile
1874	Boiard	4	Carver	Henri Delamarre
1875	Doncaster	5	George Fordham	Robert Peck	James Merry
1876	Apology	5	John Osborne, Jr.	John Osborne	Mr Seabrook
1877	Petrarch	4	Tom Cannon	Joseph Cannon	4th Earl of Lonsdale
1878	Verneuil	4	J Goater	Tom Jennings	Frederic de Lagrange
1879	Isonomy	4	Tom Cannon	John Porter	Frederick Gretton
1880	Isonomy	5	Tom Cannon, Sr.	John Porter	Frederick Gretton
1881	Robert the Devil	4	Tom Cannon	Charles Blanton	Charles Brewer
1882	Foxhall	4	Tom Cannon	William Day	James R. Keene
1883	Tristan	5	George Fordham	Tom Jennings	C. J. Lefevre
1884	St. Simon	3	Charles Wood	Mathew Dawson	6th Duke of Portland
1885	St. Gatien	4	Charles Wood	James Waugh	Jack Hammond
1886	Althorp	4	Tom Cannon	John Porter	Maurice de Hirsch
1887	Bird of Freedom	5	W Warne	J Ryan	D Baird
1888	Timothy	4	Jack Robinson	James Jewitt	Harry McCalmont
1889	Trayles	4	Jack Robinson	James Jewitt	W de la Rue
1890	Gold	4	Frederic Webb	Tom Jennings	Prince Soltykoff
1891	Morion	4	John Watts	Richard Marsh	Lord Hartington
1892	Buccaneer	4	George Barrett	S Pickering	Lord Rosslyn
1893	Marcion	3	S Chandley	W Matthews	R C Vyner
1894	La Fleche	5	John Watts	Richard Marsh	Maurice de Hirsch
1895	Isinglass	5	Tommy Loates	James Jewitt	Harry McCalmont
1896	Love Wisely	3	Sam Loates	Alec Taylor, Jr.	William Bass
1897	Persimmon	4	John Watts	Richard Marsh	Prince of Wales
1898	Elf	5	E Watkins	Richard Count	Jacques de Bremond
1899	Cyllene	4	Sam Loates	William Jarvis	Sir Charles Rose
1900	Merman	8	Tod Sloan	Jack Robinson	Lady de Bathe
1901	Santoi	4	Fred Rickaby	Wallace Davis	George Edwards
1902	William the Third	4	Morny Cannon	John Porter	6th Duke of Portland
1903	Maximum	4	A McIntyre	Richard Count	Jacques de Bremond
1904	Throwaway	5	Willie Lane	Herbert Braime	Fred Alexander
1905	Zinfandel	5	Morny Cannon	Charles Beatty	8th Baron Howard de Walden
1906	Bachelor's Button	7	Danny Maher	Charles Peck	Solomon Joel
1907	The White Knight	4	William Halsey	Harry Sadler	Tom Kirkwood
1908	The White Knight	5	William Halsey	Harry Sadler	Tom Kirkwood
1909	Bomba	3	Freddie Fox	Fred Pratt	Jimmy de Rothschild
1910	Bayardo	4	Danny Maher	Alec Taylor, Jr.	Alfred W. Cox
1911	Willonyx	4	William Higgs	Sam Darling	Charles Howard
1912	Prince Palatine	4	Frank O'Neill	Henry Beardsley	Thomas Pilkington
1913	Prince Palatine	5	W Saxby	Henry Beardsley	Thomas Pilkington
1914	Aleppo	5	Freddie Fox	Alec Taylor, Jr.	Alfred W. Cox
1915	Apothecary	3	E Lancaster	Fred Pratt
1917	Gay Crusader	3	Steve Donoghue	Alec Taylor, Jr.	Alfred W. Cox
1918	Gainsborough	3	Joe Childs	Alec Taylor, Jr.	Lady James Douglas
1919	By Jingo!	5	George Hulme	James Rhodes	W T de Pledge
1920	Tangiers	4	George Hulme	Richard Dawson	Sir William Nelson
1921	Periosteum	4	Frank Bullock	Basil Jarvis	Ben Irish
1922	Golden Myth	4	Charlie Elliott	Jack Jarvis	Sir George Bullough
1923	Happy Man	7	Victor Smyth	Thomas Hogg	F Hardy
1924	Massine	4	Fred Sharpe	Elijah Cunnington	Henri Ternynck
1925	Santorb	4	Steve Donoghue	James Rhodes	A Barclay-Walker
1926	Solario	4	Joe Childs	Reg Day	Sir John Rutherford
1927	Foxlaw	5	Brownie Carslake	Reg Day	Sir Abe Bailey
1928	Invershin	6	Brownie Carslake	George Digby	John Reid Walker
1929	Invershin	7	Richard Perryman	George Digby	John Reid Walker
1930	Bosworth	4	Tommy Weston	Frank Butters	17th Earl of Derby
1931	Trimdon	5	Joe Childs	Joseph Lawson	Charles Lambton
1932	Trimdon	6	Joe Childs	Joseph Lawson	Charles Lambton
1933	Foxhunter	4	Harry Wragg	Jack Jarvis	Edward Esmond
1934	Felicitation	4	Gordon Richards	Frank Butters	Aga Khan III
1935	Tiberius	4	Tommy Weston	Joseph Lawson	Sir Abe Bailey
1936	Quashed	4	Richard Perryman	Colledge Leader	Lord Stanley
1937	Precipitation	4	Patrick Beasley	Cecil Boyd-Rochfort	Lady Zia Wernher
1938	Flares	5	Bobby Jones	Cecil Boyd-Rochfort	William Woodward, Sr.
1939	Flyon	4	Eph Smith	Jack Jarvis	1st Baron Milford
1941	Finis	6	Harry Wragg	Ossie Bell	Sir Hugo Cunliffe-Owen
1942	Owen Tudor	4	Gordon Richards	Fred Darling	Catherine Macdonald-Buchanan
1943	Ujiji	4	Gordon Richards	Joseph Lawson	Alfred Allnatt
1944	Umiddad	4	Gordon Richards	Frank Butters	Aga Khan III
1945	Ocean Swell	4	Eph Smith	Jack Jarvis	6th Earl of Rosebery
1946	Caracalla	4	Charlie Elliott	Charles Semblat	Marcel Boussac
1947	Souverain	4	Marcel Lollierou	Henri Delavaud	F. R. Schmitt
1948	Arbar	4	Charlie Elliott	Charles Semblat	Marcel Boussac
1949	Alycidon	4	Doug Smith	Walter Earl	18th Earl of Derby
1950	Supertello	4	Doug Smith	John Waugh	Wilfred Harvey	4:25.00
1951	Pan	4	Roger Poincelet	Etienne Pollet	Eugène Constant	4:22.40
1952	Aquino	4	Gordon Richards	Sam Armstrong	Maharanee of Baroda	4:29.60
1953	Souepi	5	Charlie Elliott	George Digby	George Digby	4:35.20
1954	Elpenor	4	Jacques Doyasbère	Charlie Elliott	Marcel Boussac	4:32.80
1955	Botticelli	4	Enrico Camici	Enrico della Rocchetta	Mario della Rocchetta	4:29.02
1956	Macip	4	Serge Boullenger	Charlie Elliott	Marcel Boussac	4:48.80
1957	Zarathustra	6	柏葛	Cecil Boyd-Rochfort	Terence Gray	4:23.93
1958	Gladness	5	柏葛	歐伯恩	John McShain	4:30.18
1959	Wallaby	4	Freddie Palmer	Percy Carter	Geoffroy de Waldner	4:34.02
1960	Sheshoon	4	佐治摩亞	夏雅歷	Prince Aly Khan	4:28.42
1961	Pandofell	4	柏葛	Freddie Maxwell	H. Warwick Daw	4:30.32
1962	Balto	4	Freddie Palmer	Max Bonaventure	André Rueff	4:48.04
1963	Twilight Alley	4	柏葛	Noel Murless	Lady Sassoon	4:52.95
1964	場地欠佳，賽事取消 [a]
1965	Fighting Charlie	4	柏葛	Freddie Maxwell	Lady Mairi Bury	4:34.47
1966	Fighting Charlie	5	史達琪	Freddie Maxwell	Lady Mairi Bury	4:34.56
1967	Parbury	4	繆沙	Derek Candy	Herbert Holt	4:36.05
1968	Pardallo	5	Bill Pyers	Mick Bartholomew	Suzy Volterra	4:35.84
1969	Levmoss	4	Bill Williamson	Seamus McGrath	Seamus McGrath	4:25.60
1970	Precipice Wood	4	連利	Rosemary Lomax	Bobby McAlpine	4:27.35
1971	Random Shot [b]	4	盧亦思	Arthur Budgett	Mrs G. Benskin	4:41.39
1972	Erimo Hawk [c]	4	魏德禮	Geoffrey Barling	Y. Yamamoto	4:28.69
1973	Lassalle	4	連利	Richard Carver, Jr.	吉田善哉	4:33.46
1974	Ragstone	4	Ron Hutchinson	鄧祿普	16th Duke of Norfolk	4:35.01
1975	Sagaro	4	柏葛	鮑添	Gerry Oldham	4:48.60
1976	Sagaro	5	柏葛	鮑添	Gerry Oldham	4:26.15
1977	Sagaro	6	柏葛	鮑添	Gerry Oldham	4:28.25
1978	Shangamuzo	5	史達琪	司徒德	Mrs E. Charles	4:27.30
1979	Le Moss	4	柏葛	施素爾	Carlo d'Alessio	4:25.22
1980	Le Moss	5	繆沙	施素爾	Carlo d'Alessio	4:28.40
1981	Ardross	5	柏葛	施素爾	Charles St George	4:51.23
1982	Ardross	6	柏葛	施素爾	Charles St George	4:35.24
1983	Little Wolf	5	嘉遜	香迪奇	Lord Porchester	4:24.36
1984	Gildoran	4	高梵	侯爾仕	羅拔桑士達	4:18.81
1985	Gildoran	5	唐敏生	侯爾仕	羅拔桑士達	4:25.19
1986	Longboat	5	嘉遜	香迪奇	Dick Hollingsworth	4:22.11
1987	Paean	4	高梵	施素爾	Lord Howard de Walden	4:33.26
1988	Sadeem [d]	5	史達琪	夏活	穆罕默德酋長	4:15.67
1989	Sadeem	6	嘉遜	夏活	穆罕默德酋長	4:22.68
1990	Ashal	4	侯李察	Harry Thomson Jones	咸頓酋長	4:28.58
1991	Indian Queen	6	史永邦	Lord Huntingdon	Sir Gordon Brunton	4:23.90
1992	Drum Taps	6	戴圖理	Lord Huntingdon	Yoshio Asakawa	4:18.29
1993	Drum Taps	7	戴圖理	Lord Huntingdon	Yoshio Asakawa	4:32.57
1994	Arcadian Heights	6	曉斯	韋力	John Pearce	4:27.67
1995	雙響槍	4	韋法	張仕頓	Ron Huggins	4:20.25
1996	經典名言	4	靳能	蘇萊	高多芬	4:23.20
1997	Celeric	5	魏德禮	David Morley	Christopher Spence	4:26.19
1998	泰萊茶座	4	戴圖理	蘇萊	高多芬	4:32.36
1999	安捷利	4	莫狄	岳斯	阿加汗四世	4:18.85
2000	泰萊茶座	6	靳能	蘇萊	高多芬	4:24.53
2001	皇家叛將	5	莫狄	張仕頓	Peter Savill	4:18.92
2002	皇家叛將	6	莫狄	張仕頓	Peter Savill	4:25.64
2003	Mr Dinos	4	范義龍	高義理	Constantine Shiacolas	4:20.15
2004	Papineau	4	戴圖理	蘇萊	高多芬	4:20.90
2005	西方駿馬 [e]	6	柏兆雷	黎祿殊	Ecurie Wildenstein	4:19.49
2006	詩人作家	5	范義龍	岳伯仁	Magnier / Nagle	4:20.45
2007	詩人作家	6	靳能	岳伯仁	Magnier / Nagle	4:20.78
2008	詩人作家	7	莫狄	岳伯仁	Magnier / Nagle	4:21.14
2009	詩人作家	8	莫狄	岳伯仁	Magnier / Nagle	4:20.73
2010	成年禮	6	施慕齡	衛爾德	Dr Ronan Lambe	4:16.92
2011	名譽專榮	5	史賓沙	岳伯仁	Smith / Magnier et al	4:37.51
2012	色彩視覺	4	戴圖理	蘇萊	高多芬	4:42.05
2013	估計	4	莫雅	司徒德爵士	伊利沙伯二世	4:20.51
2014	掌舵人	4	岳本賢	岳伯仁	Smith / Magnier / Tabor	4:21.09
2015	漫遊花都	4	李尊	鄧樂普	La Grange Partnership	4:22.61
2016	佐治勳章	4	莫雅	岳伯仁	Derrick Smith/Sue Magnier /Michael Tabor	4:26.21
2017	巨橙	6	杜俊誠	包貝義	Bill Gredley	4:22.40
2018	弦樂器	4	戴圖理	高仕登	Bjorn Nielsen	4:21.08
2019	弦樂器	5	戴圖理	高仕登	Bjorn Nielsen

^a 1964年因大雨而取消
^{b c} Rock Roi在1971和1972年皆率先過終點，卻都被取消資格
^d 1988年首先過終點的Royal Gait被競賽小組貶為最後一名
^e 2005年於約克馬場舉行

• 1917-1918年和1941-1944年的賽事都因為世界大戰而改在新市場馬場舉行

參考來源

1. Queen's birthday is celebrated. Sporting Life. 6 March 2016 [2016-06-11]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-27）.
2. Schlink, Leo. Her Majesty The Queen was the first ruling monarch in 207 years to win Gold Cup as Estimate scores. Herald Sun (London). 21 June 2013 [22 June 2013]. （原始內容存檔於2013-06-27）.