鉸孔是用鉸刀從工件孔壁上切除微量金屬層，以提高孔的尺寸精度（IT9~IT7）和降低表面粗糙度（Ra0.8μm），一般在鑽孔、擴孔或鏜孔之後進行。鉸刀按加工段分為手用鉸刀及機用鉸刀兩種。手用鉸刀柄部為直柄，工作部分較長，導向作用較好。鉸刀不僅可加工圓形孔，也可用錐度鉸刀加工錐孔。常見錐度有1:10、1:30、1:50以及錐度近似1:20的莫氏錐度鉸刀。[1]
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