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蝙蝠科（學名：Vespertilionidae）是哺乳綱翼手目陽翼手亞目的一科，全世界約有300多種，大部分原產於歐洲和北美。
幾乎所有蝙蝠科的種類都以昆蟲為食，部分鼠耳蝠屬(Myotis)和食魚蝠屬(Pizony)會捕魚，山蝠屬(Nyctalus)會捕捉燕雀類的鳥類。
本科包括以下屬：[1]
- 灰白蝠屬 Aeorestes Fitzinger, 1870
- Afronycteris Monadjem, Patterson & Demos, 2020
- Ancenycteris Sutton & Genoways, 1974
- 洞蝠屬 Antrozous H.Allen, 1862
- Anzanycteris White, 1969
- Arielulus Hill & Harrison, 1987
- Atalapha Rafinesque, 1814
- 寬耳蝠屬 Barbastella Gray, 1821
- Bauerus Van Gelder, 1959
- Caelano Gray, 1825
- Cassistrellus Ruedi, Eger, Lim & Csorba, 2017
- 蝶蝠屬 Chalinolobus Peters, 1867
- Chamtwaria Butler, 1984
- Corynorhinus H.Allen, 1865
- Dasypterus Peters, 1870
- Eptenonnus Rosina & Semenov, 2012
- 棕蝠屬 Eptesicus Rafinesque, 1820
- Eptesius
- Euderma H.Allen, 1892
- 胼足蝠屬 Eudiscopus Conisbee, 1953
- Falsistrellus Troughton, 1943
- Glauconycteris Dobson, 1875
- 盤蝠屬 Glischropus Dobson, 1875
- Hanakia Horacek, 2001
- 毛翼管鼻蝠屬 Harpiocephalus Gray, 1842
- Harpiola Thomas, 1915
- 梓蝠屬 Hesperoptenus Peters, 1868
- 帆耳蝠屬 Histiotus Gervais, 1856
- Hypsugo Kolenati, 1856
- 南蝠屬 Ia Thomas, 1902
- Idionycteris Anthony, 1923
- Karstala Czaplewski & Morgan, 2000
- 彩蝠屬 Kerivoula Gray, 1842
- Khonsunycteris Gunnell, Simons & Seiffert, 2008
- 東非長耳蝠屬 Laephotis Thomas, 1901
- Lasionycteris Peters, 1866
- 蓬毛蝠屬 Lasiurus Gray, 1831
- Madataeus Leach, 1821
- Medateus Gray, 1825
- Mimetillus Thomas, 1904
- Miomyotis Lawrence, 1943
- Miostrellus Rachl, 1983
- Mirostrellus Görföl, Kruskop, Tu, Estók, Son & Csorba, 2020
- 管鼻蝠屬 Murina Gray, 1842
- 鼠耳蝠屬 Myotis Kaup, 1829
- Neoromica
- Neoromicia Roberts, 1926
- Neoromicia anchietae (Seabra, 1900)
- Neoromicia bemainty (Goodman et al., 2015)
- Neoromicia guineensis (Bocage, 1889)
- Neoromicia somalica (Bocage, 1889)
- Neoromicia somalica (Thomas, 1901)
- Neoromicia stanleyi Goodman, Kearney, Michèle, Ratsimbazafy & Hassanin, 2017 [2]
- Neoromicia zuluensis (Roberts, 1924)
- Nyctalus Bowditch, 1825
- Nyctalus Lesson, 1842
- Nycterikaupius Menu, 1987
- Nycticeinops Hill & Harrison, 1987
- Nycticeius Rafinesque, 1819
- Nyctophilus Leach, 1821
- Oligomyotis Galbreath, 1962
- Otonycteris Peters, 1859
- Paleptesicus Zapfe, 1970
- Parastrellus Hoofer, Van Den Bussche & Horácek, 2006
- Perimyotis Menu, 1984
- Pharotis Thomas, 1914
- Philetor Thomas, 1902
- Phoniscus Miller, 1905
- Pipistrellus Kaup, 1829
- Pipustrellus
- Plecotus E.Geoffroy, 1818
- Pleistomyotis Kuramoto & Yoon, 1984
- Plionycteris Lindsay & Jacobs, 1985
- Potamonycteris Czaplewski, 1991
- Pseudoromicia Monadjem, Patterson, Webala & Demos, 2020
- Quinetia Horacek & Ivan, 2001
- Rhogeessa H.Allen, 1866
- Rhyneptesicus Bianchi, 1917
- Samonycteris Revilliod, 1919
- Scoteanax Troughton, 1943
- Scotoecus Thomas, 1901
- Scotomanes Dobson, 1875
- Scotophilisis Horacek, Fejfar & Hulva, 2006
- 高頭蝠屬 Scotophilus Leach, 1821
- Scotorepens Troughton, 1943
- Scotozous Dobson, 1875
- 山旺蝙蝠屬 Shanwangia Yang, 1977
- 意外山旺蝙蝠 Shanwangia unexpectata Yang, 1977
- Simonycteris Stirton, 1931
- Stehlinia Revilliod, 1919
- Suaptenos Lawrence, 1943
- 低齒丘鼠耳蝠屬 Submyotodon Ziegler, 2003
- Thainycteris Kock & Storch, 1996
- 扁顱蝠屬 Tylonycteris Peters, 1872
- Vansonia Roberts, 1946
- Vespadelus Troughton, 1943
- 蝙蝠屬 Vespertilio Linnaeus, 1758
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