Loading AI tools
《華夷變態》是日本江戶時代儒學學者林春勝、林信篤於1732年彙編的書[1]，自明朝被北方遊牧國家取代後，即意指「中國」變成「蠻夷」[2]。是中日貿易的口述史料「唐船風說書」（日本人所寫於中國的所見所聞）之一，其序文中說：
Wikiwand in your browser!
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.
