溪蟹科（學名：Potamidae）是短尾下目(螃蟹)溪蟹總科之下一個由淡水蟹組成的科級分類單元。本科包括超過650個物種，分屬接近100個屬[1]。按其第八片胸腹片(Thoracic sternite)的不同，我們大致可以分為兩個亞科[2][1]：
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溪蟹亞科（Potaminae Ortmann, 1896）物種分佈於從環地中海(包括南歐、近東、中東到北非)、也門索科特拉島往東到印度北部及緬甸，包括以下各屬[2]：
- 棘刺溪蟹屬 Acanthopotamon Kemp, 1918
- 阿氏溪蟹屬 Alcomon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- 冠腕阿氏溪蟹 Alcomon lophocarpus (Kemp, 1913)
- 密毛阿氏溪蟹 Alcomon superciliosum (Kemp, 1913)
- 喜山溪蟹屬 Himalayapotamon Pretzmann, 1966
- 葉刺溪蟹屬 Lobothelphusa Bouvier, 1917
- 擬刺溪蟹屬 Paratelphusula Alcock, 1909
- 緬甸副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula burmensis (Bott, 1966)
- 達亞娜副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula dayana (Wood-Mason, 1871)
- 隆背副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula gibbosa (Ng & Kosuge, 1997)，隆背擬刺溪蟹，球狀副小泉蟹
- 勃固副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula peguensis (Rathbun, 1905)
- 溪蟹屬 Potamon Savigny, 1816
- 極樂島蟹屬 Socotra Cumberlidge & Wranik, 2002
- 假圓軸極樂島蟹 Socotra pseudocardisoma Cumberlidge & Wranik, 2002
- 索科特拉溪蟹屬 Socotrapotamon Apel & Brandis, 2000
- Socotrapotamon nojidense Apel & Brandis, 2000
- Socotrapotamon nojidensis Apel & Brandis, 2000
- Socotrapotamon socotrense (Hilgendorf, 1883)
近溪蟹亞科（Potamiscinae Bott, 1970）主要在東亞及東南亞地區，包括[2]：
- Acartiapotamon Dai, 1999
- Allopotamon Ng, 1988
- 阿神蟹屬 Amamiku Naruse, Segawa & Shokita, 2004[3][4][5]
- 非擬溪蟹屬 Aparapotamon Dai & Chen, 1985
- Apotamonautes Dai & Xing, 1993
- 緊腹溪蟹屬 Artopotamon Dai & Chen, 1985
- Arquatopotamon Chu, Zhou & Sun, 2017
- Aspermon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- Badistemon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- Balssipotamon Dang & Ho, 2008
- Beccumon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- Bottapotamon Türkay & Dai, 1997
- 明溪蟹屬 Candidiopotamon Bott, 1967[6][4]
- Carpomon Tan & Ng, 1998
- Cerberusa Holthuis, 1979
- 中國溪蟹屬 Chinapotamon Dai & Naiyanetr, 1994
- Cryptopotamon Ng & Dudgeon, 1992
- 戴溪蟹屬 Daipotamon Ng & Trontelj, 1996
- Daipotamon minos Ng & Trontelj, 1996
- Dalatomon Dang & Ho, 2007
- 德曼蟹屬 Demanietta Bott, 1966
- Doimon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- Donopotamon Dang & Ho, 2005[7]
- Donopotamon haii Dang & Hô, 2005
- Dromothelphusa Naiyanetr, 1992
- Dromothelphusa longipes (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869)
- Eosamon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- Erebusa Yeo & Ng, 1999
- Esanpotamon Naiyanetr & Ng, 1997
- Flabellamon Ng, 1996
- 澤蟹屬 Geothelphusa Stimpson, 1858[4]
- 海南溪蟹屬 Hainanpotamon Dai, 1995
- Heterochelamon Türkay & Dai, 1997
- 華南溪蟹屬 Huananpotamon Dai & Ng, 1994
- Ibanum Ng, 1995
- Ibanum aethes Ng, 1995
- Ibanum bicristatum (De Man, 1899)
- Ibanum pilimanus Ng & Grinang, 2004
- 印支溪蟹屬 Indochinamon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- Inlethelphusa Yeo & Ng, 2007
- Insulamon Ng & Takeda, 1992
- Iomon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- 石溪蟹屬 Isolapotamon Bott, 1968
- Johora Bott, 1966
- Kanpotamon Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993
- Kukrimon Yeo & Ng, 2007:
- Kukrimon cucphuongensis (Dang, 1975)
- Lacunipotamon Dai et al., 1975
- Laevimon Yeo & Ng, 2005
- Larnaudia Bott, 1966
- Latopotamon Dai & Türkay, 1997
- 龍溪蟹屬 Longpotamon Shih, Huang & Ng, 2016
- Lophopotamon Dai, 1999
- Malayopotamon Bott, 1968
- 中溪蟹屬 Mediapotamon Türkay & Dai, 1997
- Megacephalomon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- Mindoron Ng & Takeda, 1992
- 閩溪蟹屬 Minpotamon Dai & Türkay, 1997
- Minutomon Huang & Mao, 2014
- 南海溪蟹屬 Nanhaipotamon Bott, 1968
- Neilupotamon Dai & Türkay, 1997
- Nemoron Ng, 1996[8]
- Neolarnaudia Türkay & Naiyanetr, 1986
- 新內溪蟹屬 Neotiwaripotamon Dai & Naiyanetr, 1994
- Ovitamon Ng & Takeda, 1992
- Parapotamonoides Dai, 1990
- Parapotamon De Man, 1907
- 擬川蟹屬 Pararanguna Dai & G. X. Chen, 1985
- 小巧溪蟹屬 Parvuspotamon Dai & Bo, 1994
- 菲氏溪蟹屬 Phaibulamon Ng, 1992
- 纖足菲氏溪蟹 Phaibulamon stilipes Ng, 1992
- 披毛溪蟹屬 Pilosamon Ng, 1996
- 吉氏披毛溪蟹 Pilosamon guinotae Yeo & Naiyanetr, 2010
- 老撾披毛溪蟹 Pilosamon laosense (Rathbun, 1904)
- 沼澤披毛溪蟹 Pilosamon palustre (Rathbun, 1904)
- 平甲溪蟹屬 Planumon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- 交趾平甲溪蟹 Planumon cochinchinense (De Man, 1898)
- Planumon cochinchinense (De Man, 1898)
- 近溪蟹屬 Potamiscus Alcock, 1909
- 蒲登溪蟹屬 Pudaengon Ng & Naiyanetr, 1995
- 泰語溪蟹屬 Pupamon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- 黔溪蟹屬 Qianpotamon Dai, 1995
- 武陵黔溪蟹 Qianpotamon wulingense Dai, 1995
- 正方溪蟹屬 Quadramon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- 阿波正方溪蟹 Quadramon aborense (Kemp, 1913)
- 骨山正方溪蟹 Quadramon mooleyitense (Rathbun, 1904)
- 遺忘正方溪蟹 Quadramon obliteratum (Kemp, 1913)
- 萊氏溪蟹屬 Rathbunamon Ng, 1996
- 朱門雷萊氏溪蟹 Rathbunamon chumomrayense Do, Dang, Cao & Hoang, 2016
- 孔萊氏溪蟹 Rathbunamon lacunifer (Rathbun, 1904)
- 琉球蟹屬 Ryukyum Ng & Shokita, 1995[4]
- 八重山琉球蟹 Ryukyum yaeyamense (Minei, 1973)
- Setosamon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- Setosamon sakon Tan, Mendoza & Yeo, 2022[9]
- Setosamon somchaii (Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993)
- Setosamon ubon (Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993)
- 撣邦蟹屬 Shanphusa Yeo & Ng, 2007
- 棕撣邦蟹 Shanphusa browneana (Kemp, 1918)
- 短足撣邦蟹 Shanphusa curtobates (Kemp, 1918)
- 玉滿鄉撣邦蟹 Shanphusa ywarngan Ng & Whitten, 2017
- 華石蟹屬 Sinolapotamon Tai & Sung, 1975
- 華溪蟹屬 Sinopotamon Bott, 1967
- 柱溪蟹屬 Stelomon Yeo & Naiyanetr, 2000
- Stelomon erawanense (Naiyanetr, 1992)
- 北碧柱溪蟹 Stelomon kanchanaburiense (Naiyanetr, 1992)
- 霜點柱溪蟹 Stelomon pruinosum (Alcock, 1909)
- 探洛柱溪蟹 Stelomon tharnlod Yeo & Naiyanetr, 2000
- Stelomon turgidulimanus (Alcock, 1910)
- 斯氏蟹屬 Stoliczia Bott, 1966
- 來興溪蟹屬 Takpotamon Brandis, 2002
- 伽氏來興溪蟹 Takpotamon galyaniae (Naiyanetr, 2001)
- 美索來興溪蟹 Takpotamon maesotense (Naiyanetr, 1992)
- 小石溪蟹屬 Tenuilapotamon Dai et al., 1984
- 弓肢小石溪蟹 Tenuilapotamon inflexum Dai & Li, 1984
- 若水小石溪蟹 Tenuilapotamon joshuiense (Dai, Song, He, Cao, Xu & Zhong, 1975)
- 寬腹小石溪蟹 Tenuilapotamon latilum (Chen, 1980)
- 小溪蟹屬 Tenuipotamon Dai, 1990
- 白水小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon baishuiense Chen, 1993
- 華寧小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon huaningense Dai & Bo, 1994
- 盤溪小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon panxiense Chen, 1993
- 紫小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon purpura Dai, 1990
- 通海小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon tonghaiense Chen, 1993
- 新平小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon xinpingense Chen, 1993
* 玉溪小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon yuxiense Chen, 1993
- 平滑溪蟹屬 Teretamon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- 地溪蟹屬 Terrapotamon Ng, 1986
- 阿氏地溪蟹 Terrapotamon abbotti (Rathbun, 1898)
- 艾波地溪蟹 Terrapotamon aipooae [10]
- 長指地溪蟹 Terrapotamon longitarsus Lheknim & Ng, 2016[11]
- Terrapotamon palian Ng & Naiyanetr, 1998
- 菲氏地溪蟹 Terrapotamon phaibuli Leelawathanagoon, Lheknim & Ng, 2010
- 童哇地溪蟹 Terrapotamon thungwa Promdam, Yeesin & Ng, 2017
- 泰蟹屬 Thaiphusa Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993，泰泉蟹屬
- 尖竹汶泰蟹 Thaiphusa chantaburiensis (Chuensri, 1973)，莊他武里泰蟹
- 皇后泰蟹 Thaiphusa sirikit (Naiyanetr, 1992)
- 丹那沙林泰蟹 Thaiphusa tenasserimensis (De Man, 1898)
- 泰溪蟹屬 Thaipotamon Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993
- 公主泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon chulabhorn Naiyanetr, 1993
- 丹氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon dansai Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993
- 霍氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon holthuisi Naiyanetr & Yeo, 2010
- 隆告泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon lomkao Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993
- 暹羅泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon siamense (A.Milne-Edwards, 1869)
- 斯氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon smitinandi (Naiyanetr & Türkay, 1984)
- 瓦氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon varoonphornae Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993
- 內溪蟹屬 Tiwaripotamon Bott, 1970
- 香腸溪蟹屬 Tomaculamon Yeo & Ng, 1997
- 侏儒香腸溪蟹 Tomaculamon pygmaeus Yeo & Ng, 1997
- 束腰香腸溪蟹 Tomaculamon stenixys Yeo & Ng, 1997
- 毛肢溪蟹屬 Trichopotamon Dai & Chen, 1985
- 大理毛肢溪蟹 Trichopotamon daliense Dai & Chen, 1985
- 錫金毛肢溪蟹 Trichopotamon sikkimense (Rathbun, 1905)
- 祥雲毛肢溪蟹 Trichopotamon xiangyunense Naruse, Yeo & Zhou, 2008
- 淺胸溪蟹屬 Vadosapotamon Dai & Türkay, 1997
- 沈氏淺胸溪蟹 Vadosapotamon sheni (Dai & Chen, 1990)
- 越南溪蟹屬 Vietopotamon Dang & Ho, 2002
- 阿雷越南溪蟹 Vietopotamon aluoiense Đăng & Hồ, 2002
- 普鑾越南溪蟹 Vietopotamon phuluangense (Bott, 1970)
- 絨毛溪蟹屬 Villopotamon Đăng & Hồ, 2003
- Villopotamon guangdongense Dai & Tuerkay, 1997
- 囊泡蟲絨毛溪蟹 Villopotamon klossianum (Kemp, 1923)
- 圓形絨毛溪蟹 Villopotamon sphaeridium (Kemp, 1923)
- 邰氏絨毛溪蟹 Villopotamon thaii Đăng & Hồ, 2003
- Xestomon Ng, 2021
- 亞熱溪蟹屬 Yarepotamon Dai & Türkay, 1997
- 粵北溪蟹屬 Yuebeipotamon Huang, Shih & Mao, 2016
- 灰岩粵北溪蟹 Yuebeipotamon calciatile Huang, Shih & Mao, 2016[12]
- 粵西溪蟹屬 Yuexipotamon Huang & Mao, 2014，為Yarepotamon Dai & Türkay, 1997的異名
- Nakhonsimon Promdam, Nabhitabhata & Ng, 2014
- Nakhonsimon ramromensis Promdam, Nabhitabhata & Ng, 2014[13]
- 幽靈溪蟹屬 Phasmon Huang, Ahyong & Shih, 2020
- 盲眼幽靈溪蟹 Phasmon typhlops Huang, Ahyong & Shih., 2020
- 黔桂溪蟹屬 Qianguimon Huang, 2018
- Ruiyupotamon Wang, Zhang & Sun, 2020
- 板橋坪瑞玉溪蟹 Ruiyupotamon banqiaopingense Wang, Zhang & Sun, 2020
- 金江瑞玉溪蟹 Ruiyupotamon jinjiangense Wang, Zhang & Sun, 2020
- 中江瑞玉溪蟹 Ruiyupotamon zhongjiangense Wang, Zhang & Sun, 2020
- 中邑瑞玉溪蟹 Ruiyupotamon zhongyiense Wang, Zhang & Sun, 2020
- 半圓溪蟹屬 Semicirculara Chu, Wang & Sun, 2018
- 毛顎溪蟹屬 Steosamon Yeo & Ng, 2007
- Setosamon sakon Tan, Mendoza & Yeo, 2022
- 索氏毛顎溪蟹 Setosamon somchaii (Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993)
- 烏汶毛顎溪蟹 Setosamon ubon (Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993)
- 索科特拉溪蟹屬 Socotrapotamon Apel & Brandis, 2000
- Socotrapotamon nojidense Apel & Brandis, 2000
- 諾吉德索科特拉溪蟹 Socotrapotamon nojidensis Apel & Brandis, 2000
- 極樂島索科特拉溪蟹 Socotrapotamon socotrense (Hilgendorf, 1883)
- Teoswamon Mao & Huang, 2020
- 學士潮汕溪蟹 Teoswamon scolasticum Mao & Huang, 2020
- Thelpheusa Latreille, 1819
- Thelpheusa indica Latreille, 1825
- 塔普溪蟹屬 Thampramon Ng & Vidthayanon, 2013
* 同氏塔普溪蟹 Thampramon tonvuthi Ng & Vidthayanon, 2013[14]
- 卷溪蟹屬 Tortomon Huang, Wang & Shih, 2020
- Tortomon distinctum Ng & Ngo, 2023
- 個舊卷溪蟹 Tortomon gejiu Huang, Wang & Shih, 2020
- Tortomon gejiu Ng & Tri, 2023
- 普洱卷溪蟹 Tortomon puer Huang, Wang & Shih, 2020
- Tortomon puer Ng & Tri, 2023
- 越東蟹屬 Vietorintalia Dang, 2011
- 平滑越東蟹 Vietorintalia glabrum (Dang, 1967) 模式種
- 朱紅越東蟹 Vietorintalia rubrum (Dang & Tran, 1992)
Yeo, Darren C. J.; Ng, Peter L. K. Recognition of two subfamilies in the Potamidae Ortmann, 1896 (Brachyura, Potamidae) with a note on the genus Potamon Savigny, 1816. Crustaceana. 2004, 76 (10): 1219–1235. doi:10.1163/156854003773123456 （英語）. Naruse, T.; Segawa, R.; Shokita, S. Amamiku, a new. genus for the true freshwater crab, Candidiopotamon amamense Minei, 1973 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae), from. the central Ryukyu Islands, Japan.. Zootaxa. 2004. Zhi Wan Tan, Jose Christopher E. Mendoza and Darren C. J. Yeo. 2023. Description of A New Species of Setosamon Yeo & Ng, 2007 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Sakon Nakhon Province, northeastern Thailand. RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY. 70: 572–579
Peter K.L. Ng (1986) Terrapotamon gen. nov., a new genus of freshwater crabs from Malaysia and Thailand, with description of a new species, Terrapotamon aipooae sp. nov. (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae), Journal of Natural History, 20:2, 445-451, DOI: 10.1080/00222938600770341
Vachira Lheknim and Peter K.L. Ng. 2016. A New Species of Long-legged Terrestrial Terrapotamon Ng, 1986 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Limestone Formations in Satun, southern Thailand. Zootaxa. 4200(1); 143–152. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.1.6
Chao Huang, Hsi-Te Shih and Si Ying Mao. 2016. Yuebeipotamon calciatile, A New Genus and New Species of Freshwater Crab from southern China (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamidae). ZooKeys. 615: 61-72. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.615.9964
Rueangrit Promdam, Jaruwat Nabhitabhata & Peter K. L. Ng. 2014. Nakhonsimon ramromensis, A New Genus and Species of Freshwater Crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Nakhon Si Thammarat, Peninsular Thailand. Raffles. Bull. Zool. 62: 496–500.
Ng, P.K.L. and Vidthayanon, C, 2013. Thampramon tonvuthi, a new genus and new species of cavernicolous crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Thailand. Zootaxa. 3652 (2): 265-276.
