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殺菌燈是一種能產生短波紫外線的電燈[1]。殺菌燈產生的短波紫外線會破壞DNA鹼基配對，從而形成嘧啶二聚體，並導致細菌、病毒和原生動物失活。殺菌燈還可以產生臭氧從而進行水消毒。
殺菌燈共有四種常見類型：
- 低壓汞燈
- 高壓汞燈
- 準分子燈
- 發光二極管
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