扎穆科語系是分佈在巴拉圭(查科省東北部)和玻利維亞(聖克魯斯省)的語系。
Quick Facts 扎穆科語系, 地理分佈 ...
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語言學家很少研究這個語系(as of Adelaar & Muysken 2004)，儘管最近有些新研究發表(參見：Bertinetto 2009, 2010, 2013；Ciucci 2007/08, 2009, 2010a, 2010b, 2013a, 2013b)。最近的研究顯示扎穆科語系語言有種罕見的句法特徵：副從屬結構，即合作與從屬關係同時用於連接從句(Bertinetto & Ciucci 2012)。
扎穆科語系有兩種活語言：
- 扎穆科語– 3160使用者
- 查瑪科科語– 2千使用者
據扎穆科語民族的歷史記錄，現存扎穆科語言似乎曾有過一些親屬語言。並不清楚它們是否必然是不同的語言，Mason (1950)[2]:157–317給出的表如下：[3]:3–5
- 北部語族
- 扎穆科語支：扎穆科語、Satienyo (Zatieño, Ibiraya)
- Morotoco (Coroino)
- Cucarate (Kukutade)
- Orebate (Ororebate); Carerá
- Panono (Panana)
- Tomoeno
- Guarañoca [可能是扎穆科語一種方言]: Tsiracua (Empelota); Mora (remnants of Morotoco and Guarañoca)
- Ugaraño
- Tapii (Tapio)
- Poturero (Ninaquiguilá)
- 南部語族
- 查瑪科科語支：Ebidoso、Horio (Ishira)、Tumerehã
- Imono
- Tunacho (Tunaca)
- Caipotorade
切斯特米爾·勞科特卡 (1968)列舉了下列扎穆科語系語言基礎詞。[4]
More information 詞義, 扎穆科語 ...
| 詞義 |
扎穆科語 |
Ayoré |
Guarañoca |
Poturero |
Morotoco |
Siracua |
查瑪科科語 |
Ebidoso |
Tumrahá
|
| 1
|
chomara |
choxmára |
chumana |
chumana |
sumara |
|
somraha |
tohok |
tonhok
|
| 2
|
gar |
gáre |
gar |
ogar |
gapebe |
|
osia |
eshara |
osia
|
| 3
|
gadiok |
gadok |
adiska |
oagadioka |
gaedopebe |
|
aorliet |
pelpe |
ahriet-tohok
|
| 頭
|
ya-toitak |
ya-toi |
ya-toita |
ya-todo |
ya-tod |
|
hoté |
hote |
ho
|
| 眼
|
ye-doi |
yeː-do |
ye-dodia |
ye-doy |
ye-do |
dlyóki-dodye |
as-lo |
erupi |
ulu
|
| 耳
|
ya-gorone |
yã-gorone |
ya-noenia |
ya-goroné |
ya-gorod |
dlyóki-goroni |
parhi |
áhre |
ahri
|
| 舌
|
ya-retia |
|
ya-reta |
ya-retia |
ya-et |
|
árhik |
orahü |
kéhrik
|
| 水
|
yod |
yot |
yodita |
yod |
yod |
|
nio |
niogo |
niodat
|
| 火
|
piok |
piok |
piok |
piok |
pioko |
pió |
erhü |
erhúe |
naúsere
|
| 石
|
kukarat |
kukarat |
kukanane |
kukaranay |
kukarad |
kukáni |
kukret' |
ostrp |
kukáni
|
| 日
|
giede |
guéde |
guede |
hiédé |
giede |
géte |
deit'y |
dei |
yite
|
| 玉米
|
guehena |
gueːxnai |
guexa |
guehena |
gueda |
géshna |
taguri |
takurü |
taugre
|
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