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巴倍蟲屬（Babesia），也稱巴倍斯蟲屬，是一種血液細胞梨形蟲目的單細胞寄生蟲，其統稱為巴倍蟲、或焦蟲，依賴宿主生存。[1]。這類寄生蟲的形狀為圓形、杆形或不規則形，並且沒有可運動的結構，如纖毛或鞭毛。
該屬有很多種，其中部分能感染人類。這些不同的種類可以在紅細胞、淋巴細胞、組織細胞和其他血液細胞中發現。由巴倍蟲造成的寄生蟲病在美國紐約（尤其是長島）、馬薩諸塞州馬薩葡萄園島和楠塔基特很常見。[2]。 大多發病症狀較輕， 但免疫抑制、無脾的患者可出現致命性的疾病[3]。
本屬包括以下物種：
- Babesia annae
- Babesia ardeae
- Babesia behnkei
- Babesia bennetti
- Babesia bicornis
- Babesia bigemina
- Babesia bovis
- Babesia caballi
- Babesia canis
- Babesia canis canis
- Babesia canis rossi
- Babesia capreoli
- Babesia conradae
- Babesia crassa
- 分歧焦蟲 Babesia divergens
- Babesia duncani
- Babesia felis
- Babesia gibsoni
- Babesia goianiaensis
- 香港巴倍蟲 Babesia hongkongensis
- Babesia kiwiensis
- Babesia lengau
- Babesia leo
- Babesia lohae
- Babesia mackerrasorum
- 大巴倍蟲 Babesia major
- Babesia microti
- Babesia motasi
- Babesia muratovi
- Babesia naoakii
- Babesia negevi
- Babesia occultans
- Babesia odocoilei
- 東方巴倍蟲 Babesia orientalis
- Babesia ovata
- Babesia ovata oshimensis
- Babesia ovis
- Babesia panickeri
- Babesia pecorum
- Babesia peircei Earle, Huchzermeyer, Bennett & Brossy 1993[4]
- Babesia pisicii
- Babesia poelea
- Babesia rodhaini
- Babesia ugwidiensis
- Babesia uriae
- Babesia vesperuginis
- Babesia vitalii
- Babesia vogeli
- Babesia vulpes
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