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反常anomaly)是指經典守恆定律量子論中的破壞,其著名例子是量子場論中的軸矢流反常(或稱為三角反常,Adler-Bell-Jackiw反常)。在量子場論模型中,如果規範對稱性出現反常,則意味着理論的不自洽性,因此它經常被用來檢查理論本身的自洽性。反常在粒子物理中有着重要的應用,其中包括對介子衰變過程的解釋。它與微分幾何也有着密切的關聯。

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