《大亨小傳》（英語：The Great Gatsby，又譯《了不起的蓋茨比》），出版於1925年，是美國作家法蘭西斯·史考特·費茲傑羅所寫的一部以1920年代的紐約市及長島為背景的中篇小說，被視為美國文學「爵士時代」的象徵。故事主要講述了年輕而神秘的百萬富翁傑·蓋茨比（英語：Jay Gatsby）對黛西·布卡南的執着追求。該小說是費茲傑羅最偉大的作品，探討了墮落、理想主義、變革阻礙、社會巨變、放蕩；為爵士時代和咆哮的二十年代進行了深度描繪，普遍認為是對美國夢的警醒。[1][2]
費茲傑羅是當時的暢銷書作家，但他希望《大亨小傳》能成為傳世之作。查理斯·斯克裏布納之子公司出版了該小說後，評論界有褒有貶。而且銷量不佳——費茲傑羅在世時的總銷量都少於二萬四千本。費茲傑羅很失望，於1940年含恨而終。小說在二戰時流行開來，受到前線戰士的歡迎，其後更成為高中、大學文學課的必讀作品。今天，《大亨小傳》被公認為美國文學的經典傑作（英語：Masterpiece）。1998年，現代圖書館編輯委員會投票，評選其為最偉大的美國小說（英語：Great American Novel）和最佳英語小說的第二名[5]；隨後入選2005年時代周刊百本最佳英文小說[6]。
1942年，一群出版人創辦了「戰時書會」（Council on Books in Wartime）。書會旨在為參加二戰士兵發放圖書。《大亨小傳》也在其中。小說在士兵中大受歡迎，根據《周六晚郵報》的評論，小說和「海報女郎有一拼」。[83]，共有155,000本《蓋茨比》送出海外，發放到戰士們手中，[84]這最終導致了小說的出名和暢銷。[85]
Karolides, Nicholas J.; Bald, Margaret; Sova, Dawn B. 120 Banned Books: Censorship Histories of World Literature Second. Checkmark Books. 2011: 499. ISBN 978-0-8160-8232-2. Rather than a celebration of such decadence, the novel functions as a cautionary tale in which an unhappy fate is inevitable for the poor and striving individual, and the rich are allowed to continue without penalty their careless treatment of others' lives.
Gross, Dalton. Understanding the Great Gatsby: A Student Casebook to Issues, Sources, and Historical Documents. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. 1998: 167.
McCullen, Bonnie Shannon. This Tremendous Detail: The Oxford Stone in the House of Gatsby. Assadi, Jamal; Freedman, William (編). A Distant Drummer: Foreign Perspectives on F. Scott Fitzgerald. New York: Peter Lang. 2007. ISBN 978-0820488516.
Fitzgerald, F. Scott. Bruccoli, Matthew J. , 編. The Great Gatsby. The Cambridge Edition of the Works of F. Scott Fitzgerald. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. 1991: 184 [2013-07-06]. ISBN 9780521402309. （原始內容存檔於2014-01-02）. This name combines two automobile makes: the sporty Jordan and the conservative Baker electric. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Mizener, Arthur. Gatsby, 35 Years Later. The New York Times. 1960-04-24 [2013-07-29]. （原始內容存檔於2018-01-31）. He had begun to plan the novel in June, 1923, saying to Maxwell Perkins, 'I want to write something new - something extraordinary and beautiful and simple and intricately patterned.' But that summer and fall was devoted to the production of his play, 'The Vegetable.' （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Curnutt, Kirk. A Historical Guide to F. Scott Fitzgerald. Oxford University Press. 2004: 58 [2013-10-11]. ISBN 0195153030. The failure of The Vegetable in the fall of 1923 caused Fitzgerald, who was by then in considerable debt, to shut himself in a stuffy room over a garage in Great Neck, New York, and write himself out of the red by turning out ten short stories for the magazine market.
Fitzgerald, F. Scott. Turnbull, Andrew , 編. The Letters of F. Scott Fitzgerald. Charles Scribner's Sons. 1963: 189. 3. 'Winter Dreams' (a sort of first draft of the Gatsby idea from Metropolitan 1923)
West, James L. W., III. Trimalchio: An Early Version of The Great Gatsby. The Cambridge Edition of the Works of F. Scott Fitzgerald. Cover Design by Dennis M. Arnold. Cambridge University Press. 2000: xi [2013-07-27]. ISBN 0-521-89047-0. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-22）. He produces 18,000 words; most of this material is later discarded, but he salvages the short story "Absolution," published in June 1924. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Flanagan, Thomas. Fitzgerald's 'Radiant World'. The New York Review of Books. 2000-12-21 [2013-05-24]. （原始內容存檔於2015-09-09）. He may have been remembering Fitzgerald's words in that April letter: So in my new novel I'm thrown directly on purely creative work—not trashy imaginings as in my stories but the sustained imagination of a sincere yet radiant world. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Perkins, Maxwell Evarts. Bruccoli, Matthew Joseph; Baughman, Judith S. , 編. The Sons of Maxwell Perkins: Letters of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway, Thomas Wolfe, and Their Editor. Univ. of South Carolina Press. 2004: 27–30. ISBN 9781570035487.
Fitzerald, F. Scott. F. Scott Fitzgerald's ledger. Irvin Department of Rare Books and Special Collections. University of South Carolina. [2013-04-29]. （原始內容存檔於2016-06-04）. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Scribner, Charles, III. Celestial Eyes: From Metamorphosis to Masterpiece(PDF). Princeton University Library Chronicle. Winter 1992, 53 (2): 140–155 [2013-07-27]. （原始內容(PDF)存檔於2013-11-06）. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）（originally published as a brochure on 24 October 1991 to celebrate the Cambridge Edition of The Great Gatsby）
Scribner, Charles, III. Celestial Eyes: From Metamorphosis to Masterpiece(PDF). Princeton University Library Chronicle. Winter 1992, 53 (2): 140–155 [2013-07-27]. （原始內容(PDF)存檔於2013-11-06）. We are left then with the enticing possibility that Fitzgerald's arresting image was originally prompted by Cugat's fantastic apparitions over the valley of ashes; in other words, that the author derived his inventive metamorphosis from a recurrent theme of Cugat's trial jackets, one which the artist himself was to reinterpret and transform through subsequent drafts. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）（originally published as a brochure on 24 October 1991 to celebrate the Cambridge Edition of The Great Gatsby）
Anderson, Kurt. American Icons: The Great Gatsby. Studio 360. 2010-11-25. 14:26 [2013-05-22]. （原始內容存檔於2013年10月13日）. [Donald Skemer（introduced 12:59）speaking] He went through many many titles, uh, including Under the Red, White, and Blue and Trimalchio and Gold-hatted Gatsby ... [James West（introduced at 12:11）speaking] The High Bouncing Lover. And, uh, he in the end didn't think that The Great Gatsby was a very good title, was dissatisfied with it. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Gatsby; Among Ash-Heaps and Millionaires; Trimalchio; Trimalchio in West Egg; On the Road to West Egg; Under the Red, White, and Blue; Gold-Hatted Gatsby; The High-Bouncing Lover。
Vanderbilt, Arthur T. The Making of a Bestseller: From Author to Reader. McFarland. 1999: 96 [2013-07-27]. ISBN 0786406631. （原始內容存檔於2014-09-26）. A week later, in his next letter, he was floundering: 'I have not decided to stick to the title I put on the book, Trimalchio in West Egg. The only other titles that seem to fit it are Trimalchio and On the Road to West Egg. I had two others, Gold-hatted Gatsby and The High-bouncing Lover, but they seemed too slight.' （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Hill, W. Speed; Burns, Edward M.; Shillingsburg, Peter L. Text: An Interdisciplinary Annual of Textual Studies14. University of Michigan Press. 2002 [2014-04-15]. ISBN 0472112724. （原始內容存檔於2014-09-26）. ..., because in early November he wrote Perkins that "I have now decided to stick to the title I put on the book. Trimalchio in West Egg. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Fitzgerald, Francis Scott; Perkins, Maxwell. Kuehl, John; Bryer, Jackson R. , 編. Dear Scott/Dear Max: the Fitzgerald-Perkins correspondence. Macmillan Publishing Company. 1971: 87. When Ring Lardner came in the other day I told him about your novel and he instantly balked at the title. 'No one could pronounce it,' he said; so probably your change is wise on other than typographical counts.
Lipton, Gabrielle. Where Is Jay Gatsby's Mansion?. slate.com. The Slate Group, a Division of the Washington Post Company. [2013-05-06]. （原始內容存檔於2021-01-11）. However, nearing the time of publication, Fitzgerald, who despised the title The Great Gatsby and toiled for months to think of something else, wrote to Perkins that he had finally found one: Under the Red, White, and Blue. Unfortunately, it was too late to change. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Churchwell, Sarah. What makes The Great Gatsby great?. The Guardian. 2013-05-03 [2013-10-11]. （原始內容存檔於2020-09-14）. At the last minute, he had asked his editor if they could change the new novel's title to Under the Red, White and Blue, but it was too late. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
West, James L. W., III. What Baz Luhrmann Asked Me About The Great Gatsby. The Huffington Post. 2013-04-10 [2013-07-27]. （原始內容存檔於2017-10-24）. Luhrmann was also interested in Trimalchio, the early version of The Great Gatsby that I published in 2000 as a volume in the Cambridge Edition. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Alter, Alexandra. A Darker, More Ruthless Gatsby. The Wall Street Journal. 2013-04-19 [2013-07-11]. （原始內容存檔於2013-10-02）. Gatsby comes across as more confident and aggressive in 'Trimalchio' during a confrontation with romantic rival Tom Buchanan at the Plaza Hotel, challenging Tom's assertion that Gatsby and Daisy's affair is 'a harmless little flirtation.' （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Mizener, Arthur. Gatsby, 35 Years Later. The New York Times. 1960-04-24 [2013-05-12]. （原始內容存檔於2018-01-31）. Writers like John O'Hara were showing its influence and younger men like Edward Newhouse and Budd Schulberg, who would presently be deeply affected by it, were discovering it. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
Cole, John Y. (編). Books in Action: the Armed Services Editions. Washington: Library of Congress. 1984: 28 [2013-05-22]. ISBN 0844404667. （原始內容存檔於2020-10-19）. One hundred fifty-five thousand ASE copies of The Great Gatsby were distributed-as against the twenty-five thousand copies of the novel printed by Scribners between 1925 and 1942. （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
The spelling "Wolfshiem" appears throughout Fitzgerald's original manuscript, while "Wolfsheim" was introduced by an editor（Edmund Wilson）in the second edition[20] and appears in later Scribner's editions.[21]
The original edition used the anatomically incorrect word "retinas", while some later editions have used the word "irises".
相關出版
Bruccoli, Matthew Joseph（ed.）, F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby: A Literary Reference, New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2000, ISBN 0786709960
Bruccoli, Matthew Joseph, Some Sort of Epic Grandeur: The Life of F. Scott Fitzgerald 2nd rev., Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 2002, ISBN 1570034559.
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