中西星名對照表將中國星名對應到現代星名,並列出所有星區、星官以及星名的中西譯名,分為32天區,有306星官,共1511星。由於星數眾多,按北天、南天、東方、北方、西方、南方共六個星區分別列表,又獨立出二十八宿部分以方便瀏覽。

中西星名對照表

專有名詞

在中國的星象劃分中「垣」、「象」、「宿」、「星官」是四個不同的單位,與現代88星座的劃分方法完全不一樣。

垣 enclosures
三垣」是最晚形成的星區概念,皆有東西兩藩的星,即圍繞宮室的牆垣,故又可稱為「宮」。
象 symbols
有形象、象徵之意,「四象」是最早形成的星區概念,後來演變成平面座標中的四個象限
宿 lunar mansions
又稱為「舍」,專指二十八個特定的星官或其所在的天區,即「二十八宿」,其重要性相當於西洋的「黃道十二宮」。
要特別注意的是,在英文中「lunar mansion」一定是指某特定星官所在的「星區」,而非單一的星官。
星官 constellations
與西洋「星座」的意義較為類似,都是星象劃分的最小單位,但中國的「星官」有時只有一顆星,而且對他們之間的邊界沒有作定義,兩者的概念不同。[3]
「星宿」一詞與「星官」同義[4],只有用在二十八宿時,才可以等同於「宿」,兩者意義有所不同,應避免混用。
「天官」有時指「星官」,但一般皆指《史記·天官書》中的「五官」,即「五宮」,應避免混用。

三垣

三垣天球北極附近的星象,分紫微垣太微垣天市垣三個天區,在《史記·天官書》中統稱為「中官」。

More information 三垣 the three enclosures ...
北天中西譯名對照表
三垣
the three enclosures
紫微垣
the Purple Forbidden Enclosure
太微垣
Supreme Palace Enclosure
天市垣
Heavenly Market Enclosure
Close

紫微垣

紫微垣代表皇宮,有37星官,共163星,丹元子《步天歌》稱為「中元」。

More information 紫微垣 the Purple Forbidden Enclosure ...
紫微垣中西譯名對照表
紫微垣
the Purple Forbidden Enclosure
北極
Northern pole
太子(附北極
Crown prince
(附北極
Emperor
庶子(附北極
Son of Concubine
后宮(附北極
Imperial Concubine
天樞(附北極
Celestial pivot
四輔
Four Advisors
勾陳
Curved Array
天皇大帝
Great Emperor of Heaven
天柱
Celestial Pillar
御女
Maids-in-waiting
女史
Female protocol
柱史
Official of royal archives
尚書
Royal secretary
天床
Celestial bed
大理
Chief judge
陰德
Hidden virtue
六甲
Six Jia
五帝內座
Interior seats of five emperors
華蓋
Canopy of the emperor
(附華蓋
Canopy Support
紫微左垣
Left wall
左樞(附左垣
Left pivot
上宰(附左垣
First premier
少宰(附左垣
Second premier
上弼(附左垣
First minister
少弼(附左垣
Second minister
上衛(附左垣
First imperial guard
少衛(附左垣
Second imperial guard
少丞(附左垣
Second prime minister
紫微右垣
Right Wall
右樞(附右垣
Right pivot
少尉(附右垣
Second chief judge
上輔(附右垣
First minister
少輔(附右垣
Second minister
上衛(附右垣
First imperial guard
少衛(附右垣
Second imperial guard
上丞(附右垣
First prime minister
天乙
Celestial great one
太乙
First great one
內廚
Inner kitchen
北斗
Northern dipper
天樞(附北斗
Celestial pivot
天璇(附北斗
Celestial rotating jade
天璣(附北斗
Celestial shining pearl
天權(附北斗
Celestial balance
玉衡(附北斗
Jade sighting-tube
開陽(附北斗
Opener of heat
搖光(附北斗
Twinkling brilliance
(附北斗
Assistant
天槍
Celestial spear
玄戈
Sombre lance
三公
Three excellencies

Prime minister
天理
Judge for nobility
太陽守
Guard of the Sun
太尊
Royals
天牢
Celestial prison

Eunuch
文昌
Administrative centre
內階
Inner steps
三師
Three top instructors
八穀
Eight kinds of crops
傳舍
Guest house
天廚
Celestial kitchen
天棓
Celestial flail
Close

太微垣

太微垣代表朝廷,有20星官,共78星,丹元子《步天歌》稱為「上元」。

More information 太微垣 the Supreme Forbidden Enclosure ...
太微垣中西譯名對照表
太微垣
the Supreme Forbidden Enclosure
五帝座
Seats of the five emperors
太子
Crown prince
從官
Retinue
幸臣
Officer of honour
五諸侯
Five feudal kings
九卿
Nine senior officers
三公
Three excellencies
內屏
Inner screen
太微左垣
Left wall
左執法(附左垣
Left law administrator
東上相(附左垣
First eastern minister
東次相(附左垣
Second eastern minister
東次將(附左垣
Second eastern general
東上將(附左垣
First eastern general
太微右垣
Right wall
右執法(附右垣
Right law administrator
西上將(附右垣
First western general
西次將(附右垣
Second western general
西次相(附右垣
Second western minister
西上相(附右垣
First western minister
郎將
Captain of the bodyguards
郎位
Official of imperial guard
常陳
Imperial guards
三台
Three steps
上台(附三台
Upper step
中台(附三台
Middle step
下台(附三台
Lower step
虎賁
Emperor's bodyguard
少微
Junior officers
長垣
Long wall
靈台
Astronomical observatory
明堂
Cosmological temple
謁者
Usher of the court
Close

天市垣

天市垣代表諸侯,有19星官,共87星,丹元子《步天歌》稱為「下元」。

More information 天市垣 the Heavenly Forbidden Enclosure ...
天市垣中西譯名對照表
天市垣
the Heavenly Forbidden Enclosure
帝座
Emperor's seat

Astrologer
宦者
Eunuch official

Dipper for liquids

Dipper for solids
列肆
Jewel market
車肆
Commodity market
市樓
Municipal office
宗正
Official for royal clan
宗人
Official of Religious Ceremonies

Patriarchal clan
帛度
Textile ruler
屠肆
Butcher's shops
天市左垣
Left wall
(附左垣
WEI
(附左垣
ZHAO
九河(附左垣
JIUHE
中山(附左垣
ZHONGSHAN
(附左垣
QI
吳越(附左垣
WUYUE
(附左垣
XU
東海(附左垣
DONGHAI
(附左垣
YAN
南海(附左垣
NANHAI
(附左垣
SONG
天市右垣
Right wall
河中(附右垣
HEZHONG
河間(附右垣
HEJIAN
(附右垣
JIN
(附右垣
ZHENG
(附右垣
ZHOU
(附右垣
QIN
(附右垣
SHU
(附右垣
BA
(附右垣
LIANG
(附右垣
CHU
(附右垣
HAN
天紀
Celestial Discipline
女床
Woman's bed
貫索
Coiled thong
七公
Seven excellencies
Close

四象

四象象徵青龍玄武白虎朱雀四靈獸,分別代表四季、四方。

More information 四象 the four symbols ...
四方中西譯名對照表
四象
the four symbols
東方青龍
Azure Dragon of the East
北方玄武
Murky Warrior of the North
西方白虎
White Tiger of the West
南方朱雀
Vermilion Bird of the South
Close

二十八宿

二十八宿包括四象中最重要的28星官,有167星。在中國星象發展的歷史最早,並且是逐步完備而成,但也因為年代久遠,對於他是如何選定、劃分,仍無一致共識。

More information 二十八宿 the twenty-eight lunar mansions, 東方七宿 Seven Mansions of the East ...
二十八宿中西譯名對照表
二十八宿
the twenty-eight lunar mansions
東方七宿
Seven Mansions of the East

Horn

Neck

Root

Room

Heart

Tail

Winnowing-basket
北方七宿
the seven mansions of the north

Dipper

the Ox

the Girl

the Emptiness

the Rooftop

the Encampment

the Wall
西方七宿
the seven mansions of the west

the Legs

the Bond

the Stomach

the Hairy head

the Net

the Turtle beak

the Three (stars)
南方七宿
the seven mansions of the south

the Well

the Ghosts

the Willow

the Star

the Extended Net

the Wings

the Chariot
Close

青龍

青龍代表春季,有46星官,共153星,《史記·天官書》稱為「東官」。

More information 青龍 the Azure Dragon, 角宿 Horn Mansion ...
東方中西譯名對照表
青龍
the Azure Dragon
角宿
Horn Mansion

Horn
平道
Flat road
天田
Celestial farmland
周鼎
Tripod of the ZHOU
進賢
Recommending virtuous man
天門
Celestial gate

Judging
庫樓
Arsenal

Pillars

Railings
南門
Southern gate
亢宿
Neck Mansion

Neck
大角
Great horn
左攝提
Left conductor
右攝提
Right conductor
折威
Executions
頓頑
Trials
陽門
Gate of YANG
氐宿
Root Mansion

Root
亢池
Boats and lake
帝席
Mattress of the emperor
梗河
Celestial lance
招搖
Twinkling indicator
天乳
Celestial milk
天輻
Celestial spokes
陣車
Battle chariots
車騎
Chariots and cavalry
騎陣將軍
Chariot and Cavalry general
騎官
Imperial guards
房宿
Room Mansion

Room
鈎鈐(附房宿
Lock
鍵閉
Door bolt

Punishment
東咸
Eastern door
西咸
Western door

Sun
從官
Retinue
心宿
Heart Mansion

Heart
積卒
Group of soldiers
尾宿
Tail Mansion

Tail
神宮(附尾宿
Changing room
天江
Celestial river
傅說
FUYUE

Fish

Tortoise
箕宿
Winnowing-basket Mansion

Winnowing-basket

Chaff

Pestle
Close

玄武

玄武代表冬季,有65星官,共371星,《史記·天官書》稱為「北官」。

More information 玄武 the Black Warrior, 斗宿 Dipper Mansion ...
北方中西譯名對照表
玄武
the Black Warrior
斗宿
Dipper Mansion

Dipper
天龠
Celestial keyhole
天弁
Market officer

Establishment
天雞
Celestial cock

Dog
狗國
Territory of dogs
天淵
Celestial spring
農丈人
Peasant

River turtle
牛宿
Ox Mansion

Ox
天桴
Celestial drumstick
河鼓
Drum at the river
左旗
Left flag
右旗
Right flag
織女
Weaving girl
漸臺
Clepsydra terrace
輦道
Imperial passageway
羅堰
Networks of dykes
天田
Celestial farmland
九坎
Nine water wells
女宿
Girl Mansion

Girl
離珠
Pearls on ladies' wear
敗瓜
Rotten melom
瓠瓜
Good malom
天津
Celestial ford
奚仲
XIZHONG
扶筐
Basket for mulberry leaves
十二國
Twelve countries
周(附十二國
ZHOU
秦(附十二國
QIN
代(附十二國
DAI
趙(附十二國
ZHAO
越(附十二國
YUE
齊(附十二國
QI
楚(附十二國
CHU
鄭(附十二國
ZHENG
魏(附十二國
WEI
韓(附十二國
HAN
晉(附十二國
JIN
燕(附十二國
YAN
虛宿
Emptiness Mansion

Emptiness
司命
Deified judge of life
司祿
Deified judge of rank
司危
Deified judge of disaster and good fortune
司非
Deified judge of right and wrong

Crying

Weeping
璃瑜
Jade ornament on ladies' wear
天壘城
Celestial ramparts
敗臼
Decayed Mortar
危宿
Rooftop Mansion

Rooftop
墳墓(附危宿
Tomb
蓋屋
Roofing
虛梁
Temple
天錢
Celestial money

Humans

Pestle

Mortar
車府
Big yard for chariots
造父
ZAOFU
天鈎
Celestial hook
室宿
Encampment Mansion

Encampment
離宮(附室宿
Resting palace
螣蛇
Flying serpent
雷電
Thunder and lightning
土公吏
Official for materials supply
壘壁陣
The line of ramparts
羽林軍
Palace guard
天綱
Materials for Making Tents
北落師門
North gate of the military camp
鈇鉞
Axe
八魁
Net for catching birds
壁宿
Wall Mansion

Wall
天廄
Celestial stable
土公
Official for earthworks and buildings
霹靂
Thunderbolt
雲雨
Cloud and rain
鈇鑕
Sickle
Close

白虎

白虎代表秋季,有54星官,共291星,《史記·天官書》稱為「西官」。

More information 白虎 the White Tiger, 奎宿 Legs Mansion ...
西方中西譯名對照表
白虎
the White Tiger
奎宿
Legs Mansion

Legs
王良
WANGLIANG

Whip
附路
Auxiliary road
軍南門
Southern military gate
閣道
Flying corridor
外屏
Outer fence
天溷
Celestial pigsty
土司空
Master of constructions
婁宿
Bond Mansion

Bond
天大將軍
Great general of the heaven
左更
Official in charge of forest
右更
Official in charge of pasturing
天倉
Square celestial granary
天庾
Ricks of grain
胃宿
Stomach Mansion

Stomach
大陵
Mausoleum
積屍
Heaps of corpses
天船
Celestial boat
積水
Stored water
天廩
Celestial foodstuffs
天囷
Circular celestial granary
昴宿
Hairy head Mansion

Hairy head
天阿
Celestial river

Moon
捲舌
Rolled tongue
天讒
Celestial slander
礪石
天陰
Celestial YIN force
蒭藁
Hay
天苑
Celestial meadows
畢宿
Net Mansion

Net
附耳(附畢宿
Whisper
天街
Celestial street
天高
Celestial high terrace
諸王
Feudal kings
五車
Five chariots

Pillars
咸池
Pool of harmony
天潢
Celestial pier
天關
Celestial gate
天節
Celestial tally
九州殊口
Interpreters of nine dialects
參旗
Banner of three stars
九斿
Imperial military flag
天園
Celestial orchard
觜宿
Turtle beak Mansion

Turtle beak
司怪
Deity in charge of monsters
座旗
Seat flags
參宿
Three stars Mansion

Three stars
(附參宿
Punishment
玉井
Jade well
軍井
Military well

Screen

Toilet

Excrement
Close

朱雀

朱雀代表夏季,有42星官,共238星,《史記·天官書》稱為「南官」。《儀象考成》無「天廟」、「東甌」、「軍門」、「土司空」、「器府」5星官,共57星。

More information 朱雀 the Vermilion Bird, 井宿 Well Mansion ...
南方中西譯名對照表
朱雀
the Vermilion Bird
井宿
Well Mansion

Well
(附井宿
Battle axe
水府
Official for irrigation
天樽
Celestial wine cup
五諸侯
Five feudal kings
北河
North river
積水
Accumulated water
積薪
Pile of firewood
水位
Water level
南河
South river
四瀆
Four channels
闕丘
Palace gate
軍市
Market for the soldiers
野雞
Wild cockerel
天狼
Celestial wolf
丈人
Grandfather

Son

Grandson
老人
Old man
弧矢
Bow and arrow
鬼宿
Ghosts Mansion

Ghosts
積屍
Cumulative corpses

Beacon fire
外廚
Outer kitchen
天記
Judge to estimate the age of animals
天狗
Celestial dog
天社
Celestial earth god' s temple
柳宿
Willow Mansion

Willow
酒旗
Banner of wine shop
星宿
Star Mansion

Star
天相
Celestial premier
天稷
Celestial cereals
軒轅
XUANYUAN
御女(附軒轅
Maids-in-waiting
內平
High judge
張宿
Extended net Mansion

Extended net
天廟
Celestial Temple
翼宿
Wings Mansion

Wings
東甌
DONGOU
軫宿
Chariot Mansion

Chariot
左轄(附軫宿
Left linchpin
右轄(附軫宿
Right linchpin
長沙(附軫宿
CHANGSHA
青丘
Green hill
軍門
Military Gate
土司空
Master of Construction
器府
House for Musical Instruments
Close

近南極

近南極有23星官,共130星。因為中國地處北方無法觀測,直至西學傳入才有星官的劃分,因此相較於已有久遠歷史的三垣二十八宿,幾乎沒有什麼爭議。

More information 近南極 the southern circumpolar region ...
南天中西譯名對照表
近南極
the southern circumpolar region
海山
Sea and mountain
十字架
Cross
馬尾
Horse's tail
馬腹
Horse's abdomen
蜜蜂
Bee
三角形
Triangle
異雀
Exotic bird
孔雀
Peacock
波斯
Persia
蛇尾
Snake's tail
蛇腹
Snake's abdomen
蛇首
Snake's head
鳥喙
Bird's beak

Crane
火鳥
Firebird
水委
Crooked running water
附白
White patches nearby
夾白
White Patch Attached
金魚
Goldfish
海石
Sea rock
飛魚
Flying fish
南船
Southern boat
小斗
Little dipper
Close

參考文獻

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