開央不圓唇元音

開央不圓唇元音或低央不圓唇元音是元音的一種，用於一些口語當中。國際音標沒有特定的字母表示介於前音[a]和後音[ɑ]之間的元音，通常以⟨a⟩表示。若要加以嚴格區分，則使用附加符號標明，諸如央元音化的⟨ä⟩或音位偏後的⟨a̠⟩，但並不通用。

開央不圓唇元音
ä
a̠
ɑ̈
ɐ̞
IPA編號	304 415
編碼
HTML碼（十進制）	a​̈
Unicode碼（十六進制）	U+0061 U+0308
X-SAMPA音標	a_"、a_-、A_"或6_o
音頻範例
來源 · 幫助

直至最近，字母⟨a⟩仍在非官方場合下用於央元音，並被大量用於現有語音學上的標示。因此常使用[a]表示央元音，並近似開前元音，若有必要，則使用[æ]，非正式情況下當作次開元音。此外，漢語言學界會用非官方符號⟨ᴀ⟩（小型大寫字母A）。國際語音學協會2011–2012年投票否決了這個非官方的音標符號。^[1]

特徵

• 其元音高度為開，這意指舌頭的位置會盡量遠離齒齦。

• 其元音舌位是央，表示舌的位置是在央元音的地方，大約在前元音和後元音中間。

• 其圓唇度為不圓唇元音，嘴唇自然放鬆，不特別向前突起。

註釋

1. Keating (2012:245頁)

參考資料

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延伸閱讀

• Barry, William; Trouvain, Jürgen, Do we need a symbol for a central open vowel?, Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 2008, 38 (3): 349–357