蜘蛛抱蛋屬

蜘蛛抱蛋屬
	蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra elatior
	一種蜘蛛抱蛋的花
科學分類
界：	植物界 Plantae
演化支：	維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支：	被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支：	單子葉植物 Monocots
目：	天門冬目 Asparagales
科：	天門冬科 Asparagaceae
亞科：	玲花蕉亞科 Nolinoideae
屬：	蜘蛛抱蛋屬 Aspidistra; Ker Gawl., 1823
異名
	Antherolophus Gagnep. ; Colania Gagnep. ; Evrardiella Gagnep. ; Macrogyne Link & Otto ; Plectogyne Link ; Porpax Salisb.;

蜘蛛抱蛋屬（學名：Aspidistra）是天門冬科下的一個屬，為多年生草本植物，許多種類輻射對稱的花被裂片像蜘蛛的腿，包圍着像蛋一樣的圓形花筒或龐大的柱頭，開花時像一隻只抱着蛋的蜘蛛，屬名因此稱為蜘蛛抱蛋。該屬為亞洲特有種，現已記錄大約200種，分佈於亞洲的熱帶、亞熱帶地區。中國有一半以上的種類。^[1]

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下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：^[2]

碟柱蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra acetabuliformis Y.Wan & C.C.Huang
Aspidistra alata Tillich
白花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra albiflora C.R.Lin, W.B.Xu & Yan Liu
Aspidistra albopurpurea Aver. & Tillich
忻城蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra alternativa D.Fang & L.Y.Yu
Aspidistra anomala Aver. & Tillich
海防蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra arnautovii
Tillich
- 防城蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra arnautovii var. angustifolia L. Wu & Y. Feng Huang
- 吉婆島蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra arnautovii subsp. catbaensis
Aspidistra atrata Aver., Tillich & B.H.Quang
Aspidistra atroviolacea Tillich
薄葉蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra attenuata Hayata
黔南蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra australis S.Z.He & W.F.Xu
華南蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra austrosinensis Y.Wan & C.C.Huang
滇南蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra austroyunnanensis G.W.Hu, Lei Cai & Q.F.Wang, 2018
Aspidistra averyanovii N.S.Lý & Tillich
巴馬蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra bamaensis C.R.Lin, Y.Y.Liang & Yan Liu
基生蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra basalis Tillich
Aspidistra bella Aver., Tillich & K.S.Nguyen
兩色蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra bicolor Tillich
寧平蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra bogneri Tillich
Aspidistra brachystyla Aver. & Tillich
Aspidistra cadamensis N.S.Lý & Tillich
叢生蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra caespitosa C.Pei
Aspidistra campanulata Tillich
天峨蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra carinata Y.Wan & X.H.Lu
Aspidistra carnosa Tillich
洞生蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra cavicola D.Fang & K.C.Yen
蠟黃蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra cerina G.Z.Li & S.C.Tang
赤水蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra chishuiensis S.Z.He & W.F.Xu
Aspidistra chongzuoensis C.R.Lin & Y.S.Huang
春秀蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra chunxiuensis C.R.Lin & Yan Liu
Aspidistra clausa Vislobokov
棒蕊蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra claviformis Y.Wan
隱花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra cleistantha D.X.Nong & H.Z.Lü
Aspidistra coccigera Aver. & Tillich
大柱蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra columellaris Tillich
合瓣蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra connata Tillich
Aspidistra corniculata Vislobokov
粗絲蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra crassifila Yan Liu & C.I Peng
十字蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra cruciformis Y.Wan & X.H.Lu
Aspidistra cryptantha Tillich
杯花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra cyathiflora Y.Wan & C.C.Huang
Aspidistra cylindrica Vislobokov & Nuraliev
大武蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra daibuensis
Hayata
- 琅嶠蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis C.T.Lu, M.J.Yang & J.C.Wang, 2023 ^[3]
大新蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra daxinensis M.F.Hou & Yan Liu
Aspidistra deflexa Aver., Tillich & V.T.Pham
景洪蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra depingiana Y.H.Tan & H.B.Ding，以已故植物分類學家葉德平先生命名
Aspidistra dodecandra (Gagnep.) Tillich
長藥蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra dolichanthera X.X.Chen
峨邊蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra ebianensis K.Y.Lang & Z.Y.Zhu
蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra elatior
Blume
- 台灣蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra elatior var. attenuata (Hayata) S.S.Ying
Aspidistra elegans Aver. & Tillich
Aspidistra erecta Yan Liu & C.I Peng
Aspidistra erosa Aver., Tillich, T.A.Le & K.S.Nguyen
Aspidistra erythrocephala C.R.Lin & Y.Y.Liang
背藥蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra extrorsa C.R.Lin & D.X.Nong
帶葉蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra fasciaria G.Z.Li
鳳凰蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra fenghuangensis K.Y.Lang
流蘇蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra fimbriata F.T.Wang & K.Y.Lang
黃花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra flaviflora K.Y.Lang & Z.Y.Zhu
Aspidistra foliosa Tillich
台島蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra formosa (Tillich) Aver. et Tillich
傘柱蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra fungilliformis Y.Wan
Aspidistra geastrum Tillich
Aspidistra glandulosa (Gagnep.) Tillich
Aspidistra glandulosa Pierre ex Gagnep.
Aspidistra globosa Vislobokov & Nuraliev^[4]
細長梗蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra gracilis Tillich
Aspidistra graminifolia Aver. & Tillich
巨花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra grandiflora Tillich
廣西蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra guangxiensis S.C.Tang & Yan Liu
貴州蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra guizhouensis S.Z.He & W.F.Xu
海南蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra hainanensis Chun et How
河口蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra hekouensis H.Li, C.L.Long & Bogner
Aspidistra heterocarpa Aver., Tillich & V.T.Pham
Aspidistra heterotepala T.C. Hsu & Luu^[5]
Aspidistra hexianensis J.L.Huang & D.Y.Hong
賀州蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra hezhouensis Q.Gao & Yan Liu
環江蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra huanjiangensis G.Z.Li & Y.G.Wei
Aspidistra jiewhoei Tillich
靖西蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra jingxiensis Yan Liu & C.R.Lin
Aspidistra khangii Aver. & Tillich
Aspidistra laongamensis C.R.Lin & X.Y.Huang
Aspidistra laotica Aver. & Tillich
黑花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra larutensis W.J.de Wilde & A.Vogel
Aspidistra lateralis Tillich
闊柱蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra latistyla F.Y.Mo, C.R.Lin & Yan Liu, 2021
樂山蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra leshanensis K.Y.Lang & Z.Y.Zhu
Aspidistra letreae Aver., Tillich & T.A.Le
白柱蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra leucographa C.R.Lin & C.Y.Zou
Aspidistra leyeensis Y.Wan & C.C.Huang
荔波蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra liboensis S.Z.He & J.Y.Wu
線葉蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra linearifolia Y.Wan & C.C.Huang
靈川蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra lingchuanensis C.R.Lin & L.F.Guo
凌雲蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra lingyunensis C.R.Lin & L.F.Guo
淺裂蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra lobata Tillich
Aspidistra locii Arnautov & Bogner
隆安蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longanensis Y.Wan
隆安蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longgangensis C.R.Lin, Y.S.Huang & Yan Liu
隆回蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longhuiensis G.W. Hu, Zhi Wang & Q.F. Wang^[6]
Aspidistra longiconnectiva C.T.Lu, K.C.Chuang & J.C.Wang
弄崗蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longgangensis C. R. Lin, Y. S. Huang & Yan Liu
龍州蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longzhouensis C. R. Lin, T. Meng & Yan Liu, 2023（廣西）
長葉蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longifolia Hook.f.
巨型蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longiloba G.Z.Li
長梗蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longipedunculata D.Fang
長瓣蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longipetala S.Z.Huang
長筒蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longituba Yan Liu & C.R.Lin
龍勝蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra longshengensis C.R.Lin & W.B.Xu
Aspidistra lubae Aver. & Tillich
羅城蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra luochengensis B.Pan & C.R.Lin
羅甸蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra luodianensis D.D.Tao
九龍盤 Aspidistra lurida KerGawl.
黃瓣蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra lutea Tillich
馬關蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra maguanensis S.Z.He & D.H.Lv
Aspidistra marasmioides Tillich
齧邊蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra marginella D.Fang & L.Zeng
Aspidistra medusa Aver., K.S.Nguyen & Tillich
Aspidistra micrantha Vislobokov & Nuraliev
Aspidistra minor Vislobokov, Nuraliev & M.S.Romanov
小花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra minutiflora Stapf
Aspidistra mirostigma Tillich
Aspidistra mokokchungensis D.K. Roy, N. Odyuo, R. Lytan, D.L. Biate & A.A. Mao^[7]
帆狀蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra molendinacea G.Z.Li & S.C.Tang
Aspidistra multiflora Aver. & Tillich
糙果蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra muricata F.C.How
霧莊蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra mushaensis Hayata
南川蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra nanchuanensis Tillich
南崑山蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra nankunshanensis Yan Liu & C.R.Lin
Aspidistra neglecta Aver., Tillich & K.S.Nguyen
Aspidistra nigra Aver., Tillich & K.S.Nguyen
Aspidistra nikitensis Kalyuzhny & Vislobokov, 2022^[8]
Aspidistra nikolaii Aver. & Tillich
Aspidistra nitens Aver., K. S. Nguyen et Tillich^[9]
垂花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra nutans Aver. & Tillich
錐花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra obconica C.R.Lin & Yan Liu
棕葉草 Aspidistra oblanceifolia F.T.Wang & K.Y.Lang
歪盾蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra obliquipeltata D.Fang & L.Y.Yu
長圓葉蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra oblongifolia F.T.Wang & K.Y.Lang
Aspidistra obtusata Vislobokov
峨眉蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra omeiensis Z.Y.Zhu & J.L.Zhang
Aspidistra opaca Tillich
卵藥蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra ovatianthera C.R. Lin & Y.S. Huang^[10]
擬卵葉蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra ovatifolia Yan Liu & C.R.Lin
Aspidistra oviflora Aver. & Tillich
乳突蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra papillata G.Z.Li
離瓣蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra partita Y.H.Tan & H.B.Ding^[11]
柳江蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra patentiloba Y.Wan & X.H.Lu
Aspidistra paucitepala Vislobokov, Nuraliev & D.D.Sokoloff
Aspidistra petiolata Tillich
Aspidistra phanluongii Vislobokov
帽狀蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra pileata D.Fang & L.Y.Yu
平伐蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra pingfaensis S.Z.He & Q.W.Sun
平塘蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra pingtangensis S.Z.He, W.F.Xu & Q.W.Sun
華麗蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra pulchella B.M.Wang & Yan Liu
斑點蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra punctata Lindl.
擬斑點蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra punctatoides Yan Liu & C.R.Lin
紫斑蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra purpureomaculata H.C. Xi, J.T. Yin & W.G. Wang^[12]
綦江蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra qijiangensis S.Z.He & X.Y.Luo
裂柱蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra quadripartita G.Z.Li & S.C.Tang
Aspidistra quangngaiensis N.S.Lý, Haev. & Tillich
輻射蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra radiata G.W.Hu & Q.F.Wang, 2016
Aspidistra recondita Tillich
廣西蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra retusa K.Y.Lang & S.Z.Huang
捲瓣蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra revoluta Hao Zhou, S.R.Yi & Q.Gao
融安蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra ronganensis C.R.Lin, Jing Liu & W.B.Xu
Aspidistra saccata X.Y.Huang, Y.D.Peng & D.X.Nong, 2022
Aspidistra sarcantha Aver., Tillich, T.A.Le & K.S.Nguyen
石山蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra saxicola Y.Wan
細口蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra semiaperta Aver. & Tillich
無梗蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra sessiliflora Aver. & Tillich
石門台蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra shimentaiensis ^[13]
十萬大山蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra shiwandashanensis ^[10]
四川蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra sichuanensis K.Y.Lang & Z.Y.Zhu
中國蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra sinensis Aver. & Tillich
Aspidistra sinuata Aver. & Tillich
刺果蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra spinula S.Z.He
Aspidistra stellata Aver. & Tillich
狹葉蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra stenophylla C.R.Lin & R.C.Hu
Aspidistra stricta Tillich
輻花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra subrotata Y.Wan & C.C.Huang
Aspidistra superba Tillich
滇泰蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra sutepensis K.Larsen
連基蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra synpetala C.R.Lin & Yan Liu
劍葉蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra tenuifolia C.R.Lin & J.C.Yang
Aspidistra tillichiana O.Colin
大花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra tonkinensis
(Gagnep.) F.T.Wang & K.Y.Lang
- 密生大花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra tonkinensis var. compacta Aver. & Tillich
湖南蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra triloba F.T.Wang & K.Y.Lang
Aspidistra triquetra Aver., Son, Tillich & K.S.Nguyen
Aspidistra triradiata Vislobokov
Aspidistra truongii Aver. & Tillich
Aspidistra tubiflora Tillich
卵葉蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra typica Baill.
Aspidistra umbrosa Tillich
壇花蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra urceolata F.T.Wang & K.Y.Lang
Aspidistra ventricosa Tillich
Aspidistra verruculosa Aver., Tillich & D.D.Nguyen
Aspidistra vietnamensis (Aver. & Tillich) Aver. & Tillich
Aspidistra viridiflora Vislobokov & Nuraliev
烏江蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra wujiangensis W.F.Xu & S.Z.He
深圳蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra xiaoyunii C.R. Lin, B.M. Wang & Yan Liu^[10]
西疇蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra xichouensis Lei Cai, Z.L. Dao & G.W. Hu^[14]
西林蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra xilinensis Y.Wan & X.H.Lu
Aspidistra xuansonensis Vislobokov
盈江蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra yingjiangensis L. J. Peng
宜州蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra yizhouensis B.Pan & C.R.Lin
大瑤山蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra yunbiaoi C.R. Lin & Yan Liu^[10]
雲霧蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra yunwuensis S.Z.He & W.F.Xu
Aspidistra zhangii Aver., Tillich & K.S.Nguyen
正安蜘蛛抱蛋 Aspidistra zhenganensis S.Z.He & Y.Wang
Aspidistra zinaidae Aver. & Tillich
粽耙葉 Aspidistra zongbayi K.Y.Lang & Z.Y.Zhu

歸入本屬的物種：

Plectogyne elatior

參考文獻

[1]
中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-08-02]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.
[2]
Aspidistra Ker Gawl.. GBIF. [2023-02-12]. （原始內容存檔於2022-12-27）.
[3]
Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis, a new variety of Aspidistra (Asparagaceae) from Taiwan, identified through morphological and genetic analyses. PhytoKeys. [2023-03-28]. （原始內容存檔於2023-06-01）.
[4]
Vislobokov N A , Nuraliev M S , Kuznetsov A N , et al. Aspidistra globosa (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae), a new species with erect stem from southern Vietnam[J]. Phytotaxa, 2016, 282(1):46.
[5]
Tian-Chuan Hsu, Hong Truong Luu and Chia-Wei Li. 2022. Aspidistra heterotepala (Asparagaceae), A New Species from southern Vietnam. Taiwania. 67(1); 21 - 24
[6]
凤仙花属及蜘蛛抱蛋属新物种：泡萼凤仙花和隆回蜘蛛抱蛋. NSII. [2023-02-14]. （原始內容存檔於2023-02-14）.
[7]
Dilip Kumar Roy, Rikertre Lytan, David L. Biate, Nripemo Odyuo, Tiatemsu Punatemjen and Ashiho A. Mao. 2022. Aspidistra mokokchungensis (Asparagaceae: Nolinoideae), A New Species from India. NELUMBO. 64(1); DOI: 10.20324/nelumbo/v64/2022/168341 Nelumbo-BSI.org/index.php/nlmbo/article/view/168341/0 https://mokokchungtimes.com/aspidistra-mokokchungensis-a-new-species-discovered-in-mokokchung （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）
[8]
Sergey S. Kalyuzhny, Nikolay A. Vislobokov, Hong Truong Luu, Yury V. Plugatar, Andrey N. Kuznetsov, Svetlana P. Kuznetsova, Vladislav V. Korzhenevsky and Oksana P. Vin'kovskaya. 2022. Aspidistra nikitensis (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae), A New Species from Vietnam. Phytotaxa. 574(4); 289-294. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.574.4.4
[9]
L. V. Averyanov, Khang Sinh Nguyen, Hans-Juergen Tillich, L. I. Krupkina, T. V. Maisak and I. V. Sokolova. 2021. Aspidistra nitens (Asparagaceae, Convallariaceae s. str.), A New Species from central Laos. Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium [Novitates Syst. Pl. Vasc.]. 52; 26-32. DOI: 10.31111/novitates/2021.52.26
[10]
Four new species of Aspidistra (Asparagaceae) from southern China. Phytotaxa. [2023-03-17].
[11]
蜘蛛抱蛋属植物2新种：离瓣蜘蛛抱蛋和景洪蜘蛛抱蛋. 國粗標本平台. [2023-02-12]. （原始內容存檔於2023-02-12）.
[12]
版纳植物园内发现老挝植物新种：紫斑蜘蛛抱蛋. NSII. [2023-02-15].
[13]
广东石门台再现新物种：石门台蜘蛛抱蛋. NSII. [2023-10-23].
[14]
蜘蛛抱蛋属植物1新种：西畴蜘蛛抱蛋. NSII. [2023-02-16]. （原始內容存檔於2023-02-16）.

[1] [1]
中国种子植物科属词典. 中國數字植物標本館. [2012-08-02]. （原始內容存檔於2012-04-11）.

[2] [2]
Aspidistra Ker Gawl.. GBIF. [2023-02-12]. （原始內容存檔於2022-12-27）.

[3] [3]
Aspidistra daibuensis var. longkiauensis, a new variety of Aspidistra (Asparagaceae) from Taiwan, identified through morphological and genetic analyses. PhytoKeys. [2023-03-28]. （原始內容存檔於2023-06-01）.

[4] [4]
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