萹蓄屬（學名：Polygonum），也稱蓼屬，是蓼科的原本的一個屬，包含各種草本植物。其分類有一定爭議，其下種在65[1]到300之間[2]。該屬的種現已經分入拳參屬、蕎麥屬、何首烏屬、春蓼屬、冰島蓼屬、虎杖屬等屬。
蓼的葉子為披針形，花為淡紅色或綠色。果實成卵形，扁形。莖葉有辣味。種類很多，大多生長在水邊，有何首烏、水蓼、紅蓼、扛板歸等。全草可以入藥，而葉或莖則可拿來作染料使用，但其作為靛青染料之原料實為是相當淺的藍色，故往往再經由不同的提煉技術變化出多樣染法。
屬名Polygonum源於希臘語polys（多的）和gonu（膝蓋）的合成詞，指本屬植物莖具膨大的節。
下屬物種
本屬包括以下物種：[3]
- 松葉蓼 Polygonum acerosum
- 灰綠蓼 Polygonum acetosum
- 密穗蓼 Polygonum affine
- 阿揚蓼 Polygonum ajanense
- 狐尾蓼 Polygonum alopecuroides
- 高山蓼 Polygonum alpinum
- 兩棲蓼 Polygonum amphibium
- 抱莖蓼 Polygonum amplexicaule
- 狹葉蓼 Polygonum angustifolium
- 伏地蓼 Polygonum arenastrum
- 帚蓼 Polygonum argyrocoleum
- 阿薩姆蓼 Polygonum assamicum
- 萹蓄 Polygonum aviculare
- 毛蓼 Polygonum barbatum
- 雙凸戟葉蓼 Polygonum biconvexum
- 拳參 Polygonum bistorta
- 柳葉刺蓼 Polygonum bungeanum
- 長梗蓼 Polygonum calostachyum
- 鐘花蓼 Polygonum campanulatum
- 頭花蓼 Polygonum capitatum
- 華蓼 Polygonum cathayanum
- 火炭母 Polygonum chinense
- 岩蓼 Polygonum cognatum
- 革葉蓼 Polygonum coriaceum
- 白花蓼 Polygonum coriarium
- 蓼子草 Polygonum criopolitanum
- 藍藥蓼 Polygonum cyanandrum
- 大箭葉蓼 Polygonum darrisii
- 小葉蓼 Polygonum delicatulum
- 二歧蓼 Polygonum dichotomum
- 稀花蓼 Polygonum dissitiflorum
- 叉分蓼 Polygonum divaricatum
- 橢圓葉蓼 Polygonum ellipticum
- 匐枝蓼 Polygonum emodi
- 青藏蓼 Polygonum fertile
- 細莖蓼 Polygonum filicaule
- 多葉蓼 Polygonum foliosum
- 大銅錢葉蓼 Polygonum forrestii
- 光蓼 Polygonum glabrum
- 冰川蓼 Polygonum glaciale
- 長箭葉蓼 Polygonum hastatosagittatum
- 河南蓼 Polygonum honanense
- 硬毛蓼 Polygonum hookeri
- 華南蓼 Polygonum huananense
- 普通蓼 Polygonum humifusum
- 矮蓼 Polygonum humile
- 水蓼 Polygonum hydropiper
- 圓葉蓼 Polygonum intramongolicum
- 蠶繭草 Polygonum japonicum
- 愉悅蓼 Polygonum jucundum
- 酸模葉蓼 Polygonum lapathifolium
- 遼東蓼 Polygonum liaotungense
- 麗江蓼 Polygonum lichiangense
- 污泥蓼 Polygonum limicola
- 谷地蓼 Polygonum limosum
- 長鬃蓼 Polygonum longisetum
- 長戟葉蓼 Polygonum maackianum
- 圓穗蓼 Polygonum macrophyllum
- 耳葉蓼 Polygonum manshuriense
- 小頭蓼 Polygonum microcephalum
- 大海蓼 Polygonum milletii
- 柔莖蓼 Polygonum minus
- 絹毛蓼 Polygonum molle
- 絲莖蓼 Polygonum molliiforme
- 小蓼花 Polygonum muricatum
- 尼泊爾蓼 Polygonum nepalense
- 銅錢葉蓼 Polygonum nummularifolium
- 倒根蓼 Polygonum ochotense
- 白山蓼 Polygonum ocreatum
- 紅蓼 Polygonum orientale
- 太平洋蓼 Polygonum pacificum
- 草血竭 Polygonum paleaceum
- 掌葉蓼 Polygonum palmatum
- 濕地蓼 Polygonum paralimicola
- 線葉蓼 Polygonum paronychioides
- 展枝蓼 Polygonum patulum
- 槓板歸 Polygonum perfoliatum
- 春蓼 Polygonum persicaria
- 松林蓼 Polygonum pinetorum
- 寬葉蓼 Polygonum platyphyllum
- 習見蓼 Polygonum plebeium
- 針葉蓼 Polygonum polycnemoides
- 多穗蓼 Polygonum polystachyum
- 庫車蓼 Polygonum popovii
- 叢枝蓼 Polygonum posumbu
- 疏蓼 Polygonum praetermissum
- 伏毛蓼 Polygonum pubescens
- 麗蓼 Polygonum pulchrum
- 紫脈蓼 Polygonum purpureonervosum
- 尖果蓼 Polygonum rigidum
- 羽葉蓼 Polygonum runcinatum
- 新疆蓼 Polygonum schischkinii
- 刺蓼 Polygonum senticosum
- 深圳蓼 Polygonum shenzhenense
- 西伯利亞蓼 Polygonum sibiricum
- 箭葉蓼 Polygonum sieboldii
- 翅柄蓼 Polygonum sinomontanum
- 準噶爾蓼 Polygonum songaricum
- 柔毛蓼 Polygonum sparsipilosum
- 糙毛蓼 Polygonum strigosum
- 平臥蓼 Polygonum strindbergii
- 大理蓼 Polygonum subscaposum
- 珠芽支柱蓼 Polygonum suffultoides
- 支柱蓼 Polygonum suffultum
- 細葉蓼 Polygonum taquetii
- Polygonum tenellum
- 戟葉蓼 Polygonum thunbergii
- 西藏蓼 Polygonum tibeticum
- 蓼藍 Polygonum tinctorium
- 叉枝蓼 Polygonum tortuosum
- 蔭地蓼 Polygonum umbrosum
- 烏飯樹葉蓼 Polygonum vaccinifolium
- 粘蓼 Polygonum viscoferum
- 香蓼 Polygonum viscosum
- 珠芽蓼 Polygonum viviparum
- 球序蓼 Polygonum wallichii
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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