斯坦利·福爾曼里德(英語:Stanley Forman Reed,1884年12月31日—1980年4月2日),是美國律師和法學家。他曾在1935年至1938年被富蘭克林·羅斯福總統任命為美國訟務次長,並於1938年至1957年期間擔任美國最高法院大法官[2][3]。
Quick Facts 斯坦利·福爾曼里德Stanley Forman Reed, 美國最高法院大法官 ...
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里德於1884年12月31日出生於肯塔基州梅森縣,他從肯塔基衛斯理學院畢業後,曾就讀於哥倫比亞法學院但並未獲得法律學位,這使他成為最後一位沒有法律學位的最高法院大法官。他於第一次世界大戰期間志願在軍隊服役,戰后里德在肯塔基州梅斯維爾開設了一間律師事務所,並在聯邦農業委員會和復興金融公司任職,期間他曾被選為肯塔基州眾議院議員。1935年,羅斯福總統任命他為總檢察長,負責為多項新政政策的合憲性提供諮詢[4][5][6][7]。
1938年,喬治·薩瑟蘭大法官退休後,羅斯福總統成功提名里德為最高法院大法官[8][9]。他在「史密斯訴奧爾賴特案」、「戈林訴美國案」、「亞當森訴加利福尼亞案」和「麥科勒姆訴教育委員會案」等案件中撰寫了大量的裁決意見[10]。里德在大法官任內一直任職到1957年退休,之後其席位由查爾斯·埃文斯·惠特克繼任[11][12]。
Schlesinger, The Age of Roosevelt: The Politics of Upheaval, 1935–1936, 1960.
Stark, "Belcher Test Case of Validity of NRA to Be Abandoned," The New York Times, March 26, 1935; Dinwoodey, "New NRA Test Case Covers Basic Issues," The New York Times, April 7, 1935; "Urges High Court to Give 7A Ruling," The New York Times, April 12, 1935; "Map Legal Battle for AAA Program," Associated Press, September 23, 1935; "Reed In Collapse," The New York Times, December 11, 1935.
Hoffer, Hoffer, Hull and Hull, The Supreme Court: An Essential History, 2007.
Jost, The Supreme Court A-Z, 1998.
Wood, "Sutherland Quits Supreme Court 互聯網檔案館的存檔,存檔日期July 16, 2019,.," The New York Times, January 6, 1938; "Stanley Reed Goes to Supreme Court 互聯網檔案館的存檔,存檔日期July 16, 2019,.," The New York Times, January 16, 1938; "Jackson Is Named Solicitor General," The New York Times, January 28, 1938; "High Court Holds Challenge of NLRB Must Await Board Order Against Company," The New York Times, February 1, 1938.
Huston, "High Court Bars Trials By States In Sedition Cases," The New York Times, April 3, 1956; Huston, "High Court Upholds Deportation and Denial of Bail to Alien Reds," The New York Times, March 11, 1952; Stark, "High Court Affirms Non-Red Taft Oath," The New York Times, May 9, 1950; Walz, "Decision Is 6 to 2," The New York Times, June 5, 1951.
Huston, "Justice Reed, 72, to Retire From the Supreme Court," The New York Times, February 1, 1957; "Justice Reed Retires From Supreme Court," The New York Times, February 26, 1957.
"Federal Judge in Missouri Named to Supreme Court," The New York Times, March 3, 1957.
- Abraham, Henry J., Justices and Presidents: A Political History of Appointments to the Supreme Court. 3d. ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992). ISBN 0-19-506557-3.
- Cushman, Clare, The Supreme Court Justices: Illustrated Biographies,1789–1995 (2nd ed.) (Supreme Court Historical Society), (Congressional Quarterly Books, 2001) ISBN 1-56802-126-7; ISBN 978-1-56802-126-3.
- Frank, John P., The Justices of the United States Supreme Court: Their Lives and Major Opinions (Leon Friedman and Fred L. Israel, editors) (Chelsea House Publishers: 1995) ISBN 0-7910-1377-4, ISBN 978-0-7910-1377-9.
- Martin, Fenton S. and Goehlert, Robert U., The U.S. Supreme Court: A Bibliography, (Congressional Quarterly Books, 1990). ISBN 0-87187-554-3.
- Urofsky, Melvin I., The Supreme Court Justices: A Biographical Dictionary (New York: Garland Publishing 1994). 590 pp. ISBN 0-8153-1176-1; ISBN 978-0-8153-1176-8.
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