葉下珠科也叫葉蘿藦科，包括56屬約1725種，分佈在全世界的熱帶地區。
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本科植物即有喬木，也有灌木和草本。
以前的分類法將本科分到大戟科下，為一個亞科—葉下珠亞科（Phyllanthoideae），1998年根據基因親緣關係分類的APG 分類法將其中非洲核果木族分出單獨成立一個非洲核果木科。 2003年經過修訂的APG II 分類法將其單獨列為一個科，放在金虎尾目中。[2]
- 喜光花族 Amanoeae：
- 花碟木屬 Amanoa (同 Micropetalum)
- 五臂木屬 Pentabrachion Müll. Arg., 1864
- 五月茶族 Antidesmeae：
- 五月茶屬 Antidesma (同Bestram, Coulejia, Minutalia, Rhytis, Rubina, Stilago)
- Celianella
- Hieronyma (同 Hieronima, Hyeronima, Stilaginella)
- Leptonema
- Thecacoris (同 Baccaureopsis, Cyathogyne, Henribaillonia)
- Oreoporanthera
- Poranthera
- Apodiscus
- Aporosa (同 Aporusa, Leiocarpus, Lepidostachys, Scepa, Tetractinostigma)
- Ashtonia
- Baccaurea (同 Adenocrepis, Calyptroon, Coccomelia, Everettiodendron, Gatnaia, Hedycarpus, Microsepala, Pierardia)
- Distichirhops
- Jablonskia
- Maesobotrya (同 Staphysora)
- Nothobaccaurea
- Protomegabaria
- Richeria (同 Bellevalia, Guarania)
- Spondianthus (同 Megabaria)
- Uapaca (同Canariastrum)
- 秋楓族 Bischofieae：
- 土蜜樹族 Bridelieae：
- Bridelia (同 Candelabria, Gentilia, Pentameria, Tzellemtinia)
- Cleistanthus (同 Clistanthus, Godefroya, Kaluhaburunghos, Lebidiera, Lebidieropsis, Leiopyxis, Nanopetalum, Neogoetzia, Paracleisthus, Schistostigma, Stenonia, Stenoniella, Zenkerodendron)
- Hymenocardieae族：
- Didymocistus
- Hymenocardia
- Martretieae族：
- 葉下珠族 Phyllantheae：
- Andrachne (同 Eraeliss, Thelypotzium)
- Astrocasia
- Breynia (同 Foersteria, Forsteria, Melanthes, Melanthesa, Melanthesopsis)
- Flueggea (同 Bessera, Colmeiroa, Geblera, Neowawraea, Pleiostemon, Villanova)
- Glochidion (同 Agyneia, Bradleia, Bradleja, Coccoglochidion, Diasperus, Episteira, Glochidionopsis, Glochisandra, Gynoon, Lobocarpus, Pseudoglochidion, Tetraglochidion, Zarcoa)
- 紫黃屬 Margaritaria (同 Calococcus, Prosorus, Wurtzia, Zygospermum)
- 葉下珠屬 Phyllanthus (同 Anisonema, Aporosella, Arachnodes, Ardinghalia, Asterandra, Cathetus, Ceramanthus, Chorisandra, Cicca, Clambus, Conami, Dendrophyllanthus, Dicholactina, Dimorphocladium, Emblica, Epistylium, Eriococcus, Fluggeopsis, Genesiphylla, Hemicicca, Hemiglochidion, Kirganelia, Leichhardtia, Lomanthes, Maborea, Macraea, Menarda, Mirobalanus, Moeroris, Nellica, Niruri, Nymania, Nymphanthus, Orbicularia, Oxalistylis, Ramsdenia, Reidia, Rhopium, Roigia, Scepasma, Staurothylax, Synexemia, Tricarium, Uranthera, Urinaria, Williamia, Xylophylla)
- Reverchonia
- Richeriella
- Sauropus (同 Aalius, Breyniopsis, Ceratogynum, Diplomorpha, Heterocalymnantha, Hexadena, Hexaspermum, Ibina, Synastemon, Synostemon)
- 黑鈎葉屬 Leptopus (同 Arachne, Chorisandrachne, Hexakestra, Hexakistra)
- Chascotheca (同 Chaenotheca)
- Keayodendron
- Meineckia (同 Cluytiandra, Neopeltandra, Peltandra)
- Pseudolachnostylis
- Zimmermannia
- Zimmermanniopsis
- 葉底珠屬 Securinega Comm. ex Juss.,1789,缺斧木屬
- Wielandieae族：
- 喜光花屬 Actephila (同 Anomospermum, Lithoxylon)
- 修瓣木屬 Blotia Leandri, 1957
- Chonocentrum
- Discocarpus
- Gonatogyne
- Heywoodia
- Lachnostylis
- Petalodiscus
- Savia (同Charidia, Geminaria, Kleinodendron, Maschalanthus)
- Wielandia
Wurdack, Kenneth J.; Davis, Charles C. Malpighiales phylogenetics: Gaining ground on one of the most recalcitrant clades in the angiosperm tree of life. American Journal of Botany. 2009-08, 96 (8): 1551–1570. PMID 21628300. doi:10.3732/ajb.0800207.
