森嶋通夫（日語：森嶋 通夫／もりしま みちお Morishima Michio，1923年7月8日—2004年7月13日），生於日本大阪，世界知名數學家與經濟學者，專長於數理經濟學與計量經濟學。曾為倫敦政治經濟學院榮譽教授，日本旭日章得主。
森嶋被《日本經濟新聞》專欄列為「與諾貝爾經濟學獎擦肩的巨匠」[1]。
就讀京都帝國大學經濟學系期間，因太平洋戰爭，日本兵力不足，1943年，發起學徒出陣，徵召20歲左右的年青學生從軍。森嶋通夫被徵召進入大日本帝國海軍。在通信學校畢業後，進入長崎的大村航空隊，擔任少尉，負責通信與密碼解譯。最後升任中尉。
在日本戰敗投降後，森嶋通夫再度回到京都大學，跟隨高田保馬、青山秀夫學習經濟學與社會學。1946年，畢業於京都大學，任教於京都大學。1951年，至大阪大學任教。他與高田保馬共同創建了大阪大學社會經濟研究所。
1960年，與勞倫斯·克萊因共同發起了國際經濟學回顧（International Economic Review）期刊。
1965年，成為計量經濟學會的首位日本籍會長。
1968年，至英國艾塞克斯大學擔任教授。
森嶋通夫的主要研究領域為一般均衡理論，經濟學思想史以及資本主義社會。
- "On the Laws of Change of the Price System in an Economy which Contains Complementary Goods", 1952, Osaka Economic Papers.
- "Consumer Behavior and Liquidity Preference", 1952, Econometrica.
- "An Analysis of the Capitalist Process of Reproduction", 1956, Metroeconomica.
- "Notes on the Theory of Stability of Multiple Exchange", 1957, Review of Economic Studies.
- "A Contribution to the Non-Linear Theory of the Trade Cycle", 1958, ZfN.
- "A Dynamic Analysis of Structural Change in a Leontief Model", 1958, Economica.
- "Prices Interest and Profits in a Dynamic Leontief System", 1958, Econometrica.
- "Some Properties of a Dynamic Leontief System with a Spectrum of Techniques", 1959, Econometrica.
- "Existence of Solution to the Walrasian System of Capital Formation and Credit", 1960, ZfN.
- "On the Three Hicksian Laws of Comparative Statics", 1960, Review of Economic Studies.
- "A Reconsideration of the Walras-Cassel-Leontief Model of General Equilibrium", 1960, in Arrow, Karlin and Suppes, editors, Mathematical Methods in the Social Sciences.
- "Economic Expansion and the Interest Rate in Generalized von Neumann Models", 1960, Econometrica.
- "Proof of a Turnpike Theorem: The `No Joint Production' Case", 1961, Review of Economic Studies.
- "Aggregation in Leontief Matrices and the Labor Theory of Value", with F. Seton, 1961, Econometrica.
- "Generalizations of the Frobenius-Wielandt Theorems for Non- Negative Square Matrices", 1961, J of London Mathematical Society.
- "The Stability of Exchange Equilibrium: An alternative approach", 1962, International Economic Review.
- "A Refutation of the Non-Switching Theorem", 1966, Quarterly Journal of Economics.
- "A Generalization of the Gross Substitute System", 1970, Review of Economic Studies.
- "Consumption-Investment Frontier, Wage-Profit Frontier and the von Neumann Growth Equilibrium", 1971, ZfN.
- "The Frobenius Theorem, Its Solow-Samuelson Extension and the Kuhn-Tucker Theorem", with T. Fujimoto, 1974, Journal of Mathematical Economics.
- "General Equilibrium Theory in the 21st Century", 1991, Economic Journal.
