芒蛤科(學名:Solemyidae),又名蟶螂科[2]:21,是雙殼綱原鰓亞綱芒蛤目之下的一個科,其物種皆為海洋蛤蜊類動物[3]。
生物學
本科物種的獨特之處,在於其消化管道如果不是極細小的話,就是已經不存在了,其進食附肢由於太短,根本無法伸到其殻外[4]。這些蛤蜊靠的,是在其鰓絲(gill filaments)細胞內容納了硫氧化細菌為牠們提供能量。作為一種化學自養生物,這些細菌共生體從二氧化碳合成有機物質,為細菌本身和其蛤蜊宿主整個生物體提供養份[5][6]。反過來,宿主動物為其共生體提供棲息地,讓牠們可以獲得化學自養的底物(O2、 CO2和還原的無機化合物,例如H2S)。這種合作的夥伴關係共同創造了具有新型代謝能力的「動物」。
屬與種
芒蛤科包括以下兩個屬的各個物種:
- 矩蟶螂屬 Acharax Dall, 1908[2]:21[7]
- Acharax alinae Métivier & Cosel, 1993
- Acharax bartschii (Dall, 1908)
- Acharax caribbaea (Vokes, 1970)
- Acharax clarificata Dell, 1995
- Acharax gadirae Oliver, Rodrigues & Cunha, 2011
- Acharax grandis (Verrill & Bush, 1898)
- 詹氏矩蟶螂 Acharax johnsoni (Dall, 1891)
- Acharax patagonica (E. A. Smith, 1885)
- Acharax prashadi (Vokes, 1955)
- 芒蛤屬 Solemya Lamarck, 1818[8]
- Solemya africana Martens, 1880
- Solemya atacama (Kuznetzov & Schileyko, 1984)
- Solemya australis Lamarck, 1818
- Solemya borealis Totten, 1834
- Solemya elarraichensis Oliver, Rodrigues & Cunha, 2011
- Solemya flava Sato, Sasaki & Watanabe, 2013
- 日本芒蛤 Solemya japonica (Dunker, 1882):亦作Acharax japonica[2]:23
- Solemya moretonensis Taylor, Glover & Williams, 2008
- Solemya notialis Simone, 2009
- Solemya occidentalis Deshayes, 1857
- Solemya panamensis Dall, 1908
- Solemya parkinsonii E. A. Smith, 1874
- 油皮芒蛤 Solemya pervernicosa (Kuroda, 1948)
- 芒蛤 Solemya pusilla Gould, 1861
- Solemya tagiri Okutani, Hashimoto & Miura, 2004
- Solemya terraereginae Iredale, 1929
- Solemya togata (Poli, 1791)
- Solemya valvulus Carpenter, 1864
- Solemya velesiana Iredale, 1931
- Solemya velum Say, 1822
- Solemya winckworthi Prashad, 1932
參考文獻
外部連結
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