統計場論中,XY模型或O(2)模型是一種O(N)模型(N=2)。[1]

定義

ΛD維的格子

j ∈ Λ

sj = (cos θj, sin θj)單位向量

π < θjπ

Z配分函數[2]

A(s) 的平均值(周期性邊界的條件)。

相關條目

參考文獻

Wikiwand in your browser!

Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.

Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.

Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.