(编). The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Associate editors: Thomas D. Clark, Lowell H. Harrison, and James C. Klotter. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press
Charles William. Benjamin Harrison. New York, New York: Times Books. 2005. ISBN 978-0-8050-6952-5. Crapol, Edward P. James G. Blaine: Architect of Empire
River. The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Associate editors: Thomas D. Clark, Lowell H. Harrison, and James C. Klotter. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press