History of the Jews in Lithuania

[2009-03-14]. （原始内容存档于2020-04-06）.  Levin, Don. The Litvaks: A Short History of the Jews in Lithuania. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem. 2000: 220–221. ISBN 965-308-084-9

Dov. Lithuania. YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. 2010 [2021-07-30]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-01）.  Bubnys, Arūnas. Holocaust in Lithuania: An Outline

351–381. Gershon David Hundert, Jews in Poland-Lithuania in the Eighteenth Century: A Genealogy of Modernity, University of California Press, 2004, ISBN

於14世紀末開始自金帳汗國等地遷至立陶宛大公國。此外立陶宛原本有許多猶太人，自18世紀起即為歐洲重要的猶太社群（英语：History of the Jews in Lithuania），1941年6月（納粹入侵前）約有22萬名猶太人，幾乎都在大屠殺中遇害，2009年統計顯示立陶宛的猶太人僅有4,000人。

Bubnys, Arūnas. Holocaust in Lithuania: An Outline of the Major Stages and Their Results. The Vanished World of Lithuanian Jews. Rodopi. 2004 [2021-07-28]