Ex officio member

當然成員（英語：ex officio member，又稱依據職權成員、附帶職務成員）是一个拉丁语短语，字面意思是“由职权”或”由公职”。在英语中，它通常用来描述某人担任某个职务或职位时，自动地获得的附带权力、或地位。不过，这种附带权力不是基于个人选择或选举得到的，而是基于某人担任特定职务的事实。

（原始内容存档于2021-05-05）.  小亨利·摩根索. （原始内容存档于2018-06-30）.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex_officio_member. （原始内容存档于2021-05-20）.  缺少或|title=为空 (帮助) 布列敦森林會議. （原始内容存档于2021-05-11）

1928–1933: Alexander Krisel (1890–1983) 1934-1937: William T. Collins (ex-officio as Clerk of the Court) 1937–1941: Nelson Errol Lurton (1883-1956)

seven-member executive council which constitutes both the presidency and the government. The Bishop of Urgell and President of France serve as ex officio co-princes

Act). The revision also provides that the Governor of FSS may, as an ex-officio member of the FSC, request to the FSC chairman that matters necessary within