C值（英語：C-value）是指真核生物細胞中，單倍細胞核（受精卵或二倍體體細胞中的一半量）裡所擁有的DNA含量。有時候C值和基因組大小兩個用詞可替換使用，不過對於多倍體而言，C值可能是指同一個細胞核中的兩個基因組。 一個物種單倍體基因組的DNA含量是相對的恆定的，它通常稱為該物種DNA的C值。
詞源
有些人誤以為C值中的「C」是指「characteristic」、「content」或「complement」。當初於1950年鑄造此一用語的Hewson Swift，並未精確地給出定義，在他的原始論文中，曾使用1C值、2C值等詞，是「classes」之意。但是根據更新的看法, 「C」應該指代「constant」或是「characteristic」[1].
文獻
- Bennett, M.D. and I.J. Leitch. 2005. Genome size evolution in plants. In The Evolution of the Genome (ed. T.R. Gregory), pp. 89-162. Elsevier, San Diego.
- Gregory, T.R. 2001. Coincidence, coevolution, or causation? DNA content, cell size, and the C-value enigma. Biological Reviews 76: 65-101.
- Gregory, T.R. 2002. A bird's-eye view of the C-value enigma: genome size, cell size, and metabolic rate in the class Aves. Evolution 56: 121-130.
- Gregory, T.R. 2005. Genome size evolution in animals. In The Evolution of the Genome (ed. T.R. Gregory), pp. 3-87. Elsevier, San Diego.
- Greilhuber, J., J. Dolezel, M. Lysak, and M.D. Bennett. 2005. The origin, evolution and proposed stabilization of the terms 'genome size' and 'C-value' to describe nuclear DNA contents. Annals of Botany 95: 255-260.
- Swift, H. 1950. The constancy of deoxyribose nucleic acid in plant nuclei. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 36: 643-654.
- Vendrely, R. and C. Vendrely. 1948. La teneur du noyau cellulaire en acide désoxyribonucléique à travers les organes, les individus et les espèces animales : Techniques et premiers résultats. Experientia 4: 434-436.
- Eddy SR. The C-value paradox, junk DNA and ENCODE. Curr Biol. 2012 Nov 6;22(21):R898-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.002. PMID 23137679.
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