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黃麻（拉丁語：Corchorus）是一種長而柔軟的、發出光澤的植物纖維，可以織成高強度的粗糙的細絲。它在植物分類上屬於椴樹亞科的黃麻屬。
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黃麻是最廉價的天然纖維之一，種植量和用途的廣泛都僅次於棉花。 它和洋麻、大麻、亞麻、苧麻等同樣屬於韌皮纖維（從植物內皮或外皮提取的纖維）。纖維的顏色從白色到褐色，長1–4 米。
適合種植黃麻的氣候為在盛行季風季節的季風氣候（溫暖，潮濕的氣候）。適宜的氣溫為20˚C至40˚C和相對濕度70％-80％。 ：黃麻在播種期間需要比其他時期多5-8厘米/週的降雨。
圓果黃麻（學名：Corchorus capsularis），在中國稱作白黃麻。在幾個歷史記錄中指出，貧窮的印度村民穿用黃麻製成的衣服。用簡單的手搖紡織機和手紡車進行織布，將黃麻當成紡棉紗使用。歷史上還指出，孟加拉人從更早的時代，就把家庭和其他用途的白黃麻製成的繩索和細繩。
長蒴黃麻（學名：Corchorus olitorius） ，在中國稱作紅麻，是非洲 - 阿拉伯的品種和錦葵科的成員（跟棉花同一科）。他也是很受歡迎的葉用蔬菜，阿拉伯人稱為「molokhiya」（[ملوخية]=「國王」的意思），其葉為成分跟秋葵黏滑的成分相似。 猶太人在約伯記提到長果黃麻也是一種稱作棣棠花（Jew's mallow）的蔬菜。
長果黃麻纖維比圓果黃麻更柔軟、柔滑。也發現很適合在恆河三角洲氣候栽種。19世紀時，隨著圓果黃麻栽種，長果黃麻也開始在孟加拉栽培。目前，孟加拉地區（巴基斯坦、印度和孟加拉）是長果黃麻的世界最大的生產地區。
黃麻是重要性僅次於棉花的植物纖維；擁有多種用途。首先是用於原棉打包的包裝運輸袋，其次是製成袋子或粗布，還可以織成窗簾、椅套、地毯、粗麻布和油布的襯背，更可以當作造紙原料。黃麻桿也可當作燃料、活性碳、纖維版等，可以取代伐木工業的部分性質。
- 黃麻纖維可以100%進行生物分解和回收，對環境無害。
- 它是一種擁有黃金和絲綢光澤的天然纖維，因而被稱為「金色纖維」。
- 它是最便宜的植物纖維，取自植物的莖的內皮或外皮。
- 它在使用、全球消費量、生產和實用方面的重要性僅次於棉花的植物纖維。
- 它的抗張強度很高，延展性低，防水性能較好。因此，黃麻非常適合於大批量農產品的包裝。
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- International Jute Study Group (IJSG) Resources about Jute, Kenaf and Roselle Plants.
- Department of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Purdue University（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） Some chemistry and medicinal information on Tossa Jute.
- International Jute Study Group (IJSG). A UN collaboration for learning various aspects of Jute and Kenaf. Its headquarter is located in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- Bangladeshi Ministry of Jute and Textile (Jute Division). The ministry in Bangladesh directly concerned with jute.
- Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI)（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. The Institute in Bangladesh dedicated for jute research.
- Institute of Jute Technology, Kolkata, India. An institute for advanced research on jute and allied fibres.
- The Golden Fibre Trade Centre Limited (GFTCL) Commercial site used (with permission) as source and contributor for much of this article.
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