硼（原子量：10.811(7)）共有14個已知同位素，質量數介於7-19之間，其中有2個是穩定的，其他都具有放射性。天然存在的硼同位素有2個，分別是10B和11B，皆為穩定同位素。其他放射性同位素都不出現在自然界中，只有在實驗室製造出來過，且半衰期都極短，非常不穩定。
Quick Facts 同位素, 衰變 ...
主要的硼同位素
10B在天然樣品中的含量可低至19.1％，也可以高達20.3％。而剩下的部分才是 11B [1]。 |
| 標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) | - [10.806, 10.821][2]
- 傳統: 10.81
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More information 符號, Z ...
| 符號
|
Z
|
N
|
同位素質量（u）
[n 1][n 2]
|
半衰期
[n 2]
|
衰變
方式[3]
|
衰變
產物
[n 3]
|
原子核
自旋[n 1]
|
相對豐度
（莫耳分率）[n 2]
|
相對豐度
的變化量
（莫耳分率）
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| 7B
|
5
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2
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7.02992(8)
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350(50)×10−24 s
[1.4(2) MeV]
|
p
|
6
Be
[n 4]
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(3⁄2−)
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|
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| 8B[n 5]
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5
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3
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8.0246072(11)
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770(3) ms
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β+, α
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2 4
He
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2+
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|
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| 9B
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5
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4
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9.0133288(11)
|
800(300)×10−21 s
[0.54(21) keV]
|
p
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8
Be
[n 6]
|
3⁄2−
|
|
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| 10B
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5
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5
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10.0129370(4)
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穩定
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3+
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0.199(7)
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0.18929–0.20386
|
11
B
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5
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6
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11.0093054(4)
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穩定
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3⁄2−
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0.801(7)
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0.79614–0.81071
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| 12B
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5
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7
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12.0143521(15)
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20.20(2) ms
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β− (98.4%)
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12
C
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1+
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| β−, α (1.6%)
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8
Be
[n 7]
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| 13B
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5
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8
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13.0177802(12)
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17.33(17) ms
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β− (99.72%)
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13
C
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3⁄2−
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| β−, n (0.279%)
|
12
C
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| 14B
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5
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9
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14.025404(23)
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12.5(5) ms
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β− (93.96%)
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14
C
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2−
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| β−, n (6.04%)
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13
C
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| 15B
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5
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10
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15.031103(24)
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9.87(7) ms
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β−, n (93.6%)
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14
C
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3⁄2−
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| β− (6.0%)
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15
C
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| β−, 2n (0.40%)
|
13
C
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| 16B
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5
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11
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16.03981(6)
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<190×10−12 s
[<0.1 MeV]
|
n
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15
B
|
0−
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|
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| 17B[n 8]
|
5
|
12
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17.04699(18)
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5.08(5) ms
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β−, n (63.0%)
|
16
C
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(3⁄2−)
|
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| β− (22.1%)
|
17
C
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| β−, 2n (11.0%)
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15
C
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| β−, 3n (3.5%)
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14
C
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| β−, 4n (0.40%)
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13
C
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| 18B
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5
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13
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18.05560(22)
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<26 ns
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n
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17
B
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(4−)
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| 19B[n 8]
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5
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14
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19.06417(56)
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2.92(13) ms
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β−
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19
C
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(3⁄2−)
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| 20B[4]
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5
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15
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20.07451(59)
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> 912.4 ys
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n
|
19
B
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(1−, 2-)
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|
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| 21B[4]
|
5
|
16
|
21.08415(60)
|
> 760 ys
|
2n
|
19
B
|
(3⁄2−)
|
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Close
畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，僅為理論推測。
Subsequently decays by double proton emission to 4He for a net reaction of 7B → 4He + 3 1H
immediately decays into two α particles, for a net reaction of 9B → 2 4He + 1H
Immediately decays into two α particles, for a net reaction of 12B → 3 4He + e−
硼-8是一種硼的同位素，會通過β+衰變衰變成鈹-8，半衰期771.9毫秒。它有一個質子組成的核暈。[5]雖然太陽中微子只有少部分（80 ppm）源自硼-8的衰變，但硼-8衰變產生的中微子有約10 MeV的高能量，[6]是直接探測暗物質的實驗中重要的背景。[7]
Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 1990, 146 (3): 177. doi:10.1007/BF02165219. Maaß, Bernhard; Müller, Peter; Nörtershäuser, Wilfried; Clark, Jason; Gorges, Christian; Kaufmann, Simon; König, Kristian; Krämer, Jörg; Levand, Anthony; Orford, Rodney; Sánchez, Rodolfo; Savard, Guy; Sommer, Felix. Towards laser spectroscopy of the proton-halo candidate boron-8. Hyperfine Interactions. November 2017, 238 (1): 25. Bibcode:2017HyInt.238...25M. S2CID 254551036. doi:10.1007/s10751-017-1399-5.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
