珊瑚螺亞科(學名:Coralliophilinae) 是腹足綱新腹足目之下的一個龐大的獵食性海螺分類元骨螺科之下的一個亞科[1],包括200到250個物種。
根據布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類 (2005年),本分類被認為是骨螺科之下的一個亞科[1]。 在此之前,本分類原來是骨螺總科之下的珊瑚螺科(Coralliophilidae),亦作延管螺科[2]或蕪螺科[3]:50。不變的是:無論這個分類是一個科還是一個亞科,遺傳研究透過分子標記,已確定本分類一直都保持是一個單系群[4]。
分佈及習性
珊瑚螺因為在世界各地溫帶及熱帶海洋的珊瑚群居住而得名。其生活水域變化很大,從大西洋中部的加那利群島到地中海海岸的深海珊瑚;從佛羅里達礁島群到巴西;在印度洋-太平洋海域、西南太平洋、南太平洋的南方群島等地。牠們的分佈這樣廣泛,要歸功於強大的海洋洋流,把牠們在浮游階段的若蟲帶到世界各地[5]。
本亞科的物種專門以珊瑚綱物種為食,主要是鑽進珊瑚裡捕食;有少數居住在軟珊瑚和海葵中,用牠們長長可延伸的口器去攝食當中的軟組織。 少部分以柳珊瑚目物種為食。
分類
本亞科包括下列各個屬[6]:
- Babelomurex Coen, 1922
- Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Emozamia Iredale, 1929
- Hirtomurex Coen, 1922
- Latiaxis Swainson, 1840
- Leptoconchus Rüppell, 1834
- Liniaxis Laseron, 1955
- Magilus Montfort, 1810
- Mipus de Gregorio, 1885[7]
- 蕪螺屬 Rapa Röding, 1798
- Rhizochilus Steenstrup, 1850
- Genera brought into synonymy
- Aradasia Settepassi, 1970 = synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Aradomurex Coen, 1947 = synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Coralliobia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 = synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Echinolatiaxis Kosuge, 1979 = synonym of Babelomurex Coen, 1922
- Fusomurex Coen, 1922 = synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Laevilatiaxis Kosuge, 1979 = synonym of Babelomurex Coen, 1922
- Lamellatiaxis Habe & Kosuge, 1970 = synonym of Babelomurex Coen, 1922
- Langfordia Dall, 1924 = synonym of Babelomurex Coen, 1922
- Latimurex : synonym of Latiromurex Coen, 1922
- Latiromurex Coen, 1922 = synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Lepadomurex Coen, 1922 = synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Magilopsis G.B. Sowerby III, 1919 = synonym of Leptoconchus Rüppell, 1834
- Pseudomurex Monterosato, 1872 = synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Quoyula Iredale, 1912 = synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Rapella Swainson, 1840 = synonym of Rapa Röding, 1798
- Reliquiaecava Massin, 1987 = synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Rhombothais Woolacott, 1954 = synonym of Coralliophila H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
- Tarantellaxis Habe, 1970 = synonym of Babelomurex Coen, 1922
- Tolema Iredale, 1929 = synonym of Babelomurex Coen, 1922
這個亞科的物種在決定其系統分類時頗有難度,事關其成年物種會隨着棲息地的轉變及其生活的底質而使其形態有所不同。這時,就需要觀察物種的胎螺作決定。
參考文獻
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