抗心絞痛藥(英語:Antianginal)是指任何一種用於心絞痛的藥物,屬於缺血性心臟病的一種症狀[1]。 可以分為三類:
藥理分類 | 藥化分類(或藥理次分類) | 藥物 | 藥理機轉 | 適應症 | 不良反應 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
硝酸鹽與亞硝酸鹽 | Amyl nitrite | Erythrityl tetranitrate | 平滑肌釋放 NO,接著活化 guanylyl cyclase,增加 cGMP | |||
Isosorbide mononitrate | Isosorbide dinitrate | |||||
Nitroglycerin | Pentaerythritol tetranitrate | |||||
Propatyl nitrate | Tenitramine | |||||
No donor | Lindosmine | Molsidomine | ||||
鉀離子通道開啟劑 | Nicorandil | |||||
鈣離子通道阻斷劑 | 1,4-Dihydropyridine | Amlodipine | Felodipine | 阻斷血管鈣離子通道>心臟鈣離子通道 | ||
Isradipine | Nicardipine | |||||
Nifedipine | Nislodipine | |||||
Nitrendipine | Zatebradine | |||||
Phenalkylamines | Verapamil | 非選擇性阻斷 L 型鈣離子通道 | ||||
Benzothiazepines | Diltiazem | |||||
冠狀動脈血管擴張劑 | PDE 抑制劑 | Dipyradmole | Papaverine | |||
β 受體拮抗劑 | 非選擇性 | Propranolol | Nasolol | |||
Timolol | ||||||
選擇性 β 1 | Atenolol | Betaxolol | < | |||
Metoprolol | Nebivolol | |||||
新藥(或有潛力的藥) | Allopurinol | Xanthine 氧化酶抑制劑 | ||||
Amiloride | ||||||
L-Arginine | NO donors | |||||
Capsaicin | ||||||
Detanonate | PGK facilitators | |||||
Fasudil | Rho-kinase 抑制劑 | |||||
Glibenclamide | Sulfonylureas | |||||
Ivabradine | ||||||
Nicorandil | 鉀離子通道活化劑 | |||||
Ranolazine | 心絞痛預防 | |||||
Trimetazidine | pFOX 抑制劑 | |||||
Vasopeptidase 抑制劑 |
參考文獻
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