康斯坦丁之子唐納德(現代蓋爾語: Dòmhnall mac Chòiseim),[1]漢化稱之為唐納德二世(死於900),是9世紀晚期皮特克人的國王或蘇格蘭國王 (阿爾巴)。 他是康斯坦丁一世 (Causantín mac Cináeda)之子。唐納德的綽號有Dásachtach,"狂人"。[2]
Quick Facts 唐納德二世, 皮特克人國王或阿爾巴國王 ...
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唐納德在吉里思王 (Giric mac Dúngail)死亡或退位後成為皮特克人國王,他即位的時間很不確定,但通常被認為在889年。阿爾巴國王紀事說:
君士坦丁的兒子唐納德統治王國11年[889–900]。維京人在這時經常入侵王國。他統治期間,蘇格蘭和挪威展開過一次大戰,最後以蘇格蘭勝利告終。他在Opidum Fother[今鄧諾特 ]被外邦人殺害死。[3]
有人建議進攻鄧諾特,他在鄧諾特作戰時可能蘇格蘭遭受了金髮哈拉爾的襲擊[4]並導致唐納德的死亡。但也可能是被斯堪的納維亞人殺害於福里斯。[5]唐納德在900年死亡,他是第一個使用阿爾巴國王的皮特克人國王。他被葬在伊俄納島。
由於疆土的擴大,他將皮特克人國王 改為阿爾巴國王。但歷史學家認為阿爾巴國王是他的綽號。[6]一般認為在君士坦丁二世在位時,阿爾巴國王才作為正式頭銜使用,[7]也有人認為在吉里思王在位時正式頭銜已是阿爾巴國王。[8]
阿爾巴紀事記載唐納德死後,他的堂弟君士坦丁繼承了王位。唐納德的兒子馬爾科姆 (Máel Coluim mac Domnall)後來成為阿爾巴國王。[9]
Domnall mac Causantín is the Mediaeval Gaelic form.
ESSH, p. 358; Kelly, Early Irish Law, pp. 92–93 & 308: "The dásachtach is the person with manic symptoms who is liable to behave in a violent and destructive manner." The dásachtach is not responsible for his actions. The same word is used of enraged cattle.
ESSH, p 396, note 1 & p. 392, quoting St Olaf's Saga, c. 96.
Smyth, pp. 217–218, disagrees.
Thus Broun and Woolf, among others.
ESSH, p. 304, note 8; however, the Annals of Ulster, s.a. 904, report the death of Ímar ua Ímair (Ivar grandson of Ivar) in Fortriu in 904, making it possible that Ead (Áed ?) was a king, if not the High King.
- Anderson, Alan Orr, Early Sources of Scottish History A.D 500–1286, volume 1. Reprinted with corrections. Stamford: Paul Watkins, 1990. ISBN 1-871615-03-8
- Anderson, Marjorie Ogilvie, Kings and Kingship in Early Scotland. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, revised edition 1980. ISBN 0-7011-1604-8
- Broun, Dauvit, "National identity: 1: early medieval and the formation of Alba" in Michael Lynch (ed.) The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. Oxford UP, Oxford, 2001. ISBN 0-19-211696-7
- Duncan, A. A. M., The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence., Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-7486-1626-8
- Template:Cite GEIL
- Smyth, Alfred P., Warlords and Holy Men: Scotland AD 80-1000. Reprinted, Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 1998. ISBN 0-7486-0100-7
- Sturluson, Snorri, Heimskringla: History of the Kings of Norway, tr. Lee M. Hollander. Reprinted University of Texas Press, Austin, 1992. ISBN 0-292-73061-6
- Woolf, Alex, "Constantine II" in Michael Lynch (ed.) op. cit.
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