叉舌蛙科（Dicroglossidae）[1][2]是蛙總科下的一個科，分布於亞洲和非洲的熱帶、亞熱帶地區，其中大部分又分布於亞洲。它曾是蛙科的一個亞科[1][2][3]。
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該科下含13-15個屬、超過200種蛙[3][1]。其種系發生關係為：[4]
| 叉舌蛙科
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| 浮蛙亞科（Occidozyginae）
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| 叉舌蛙亞科（Dicroglossinae）
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本科包括以下屬：
- Allopaa Ohler & Dubois, 2006
- Chrysopaa Ohler & Dubois, 2006
- 水棲蛙屬 Euphlyctis Fitzinger, 1843
- 陸蛙屬 Fejervarya Bolkay, 1915
- 虎紋蛙屬 Hoplobatrachus Peters, 1863
- 小跳蛙屬 Ingerana Dubois, 1987
- 大頭蛙屬 Limnonectes Fitzinger, 1843
- 南亞陸蛙屬 Minervarya Dubois, Ohler & Biju, 2001
- Nannophrys Günther, 1869
- 倭蛙屬 Nanorana Günther, 1896
- 浮蛙屬 Occidozyga Kuhl & Van Hasselt, 1822
- Ombrana Dubois, 1992
- 棘胸蛙屬 Quasipaa Dubois, 1992
- Sphaerotheca Günther, 1859
- Sphaerotheca bengaluru Deepak, Dinesh, Ohler, Shanker, Ashadevi & Channakeshavamurthy, 2020
- Sphaerotheca breviceps (Schneider, 1799)
- Sphaerotheca dobsonii (Boulenger, 1882)
- Sphaerotheca leucorhynchus (Rao, 1937)
- Sphaerotheca magadha Prasad, Dinesh, Swamy, Shinde & Vishnu, 2019
- Sphaerotheca maskeyi (Schleich & Anders, 1998)
- Sphaerotheca pashchima Padhye, Dahanukar, Sulakhe, Dandekar, Limaye & Jamdade, 2017
- Sphaerotheca pluvialis (Jerdon, 1853)
- Sphaerotheca rolandae (Dubois, 1983)
- Sphaerotheca strachani (Murray, 1884)
- Sphaerotheca swani (Myers & Leviton, 1956)
- Sphaerotheca varshaabhu Deepak, Dinesh, Chetan Nag, Ohler, Shanker, Souza, Prasad & Ashadevi, 2024[5]
棘胸蛙屬（Quasipaa）屬叉舌蛙亞科[3]，但並未包括在Pyron & Wiens (2021)的種系發生學研究範圍[4]。
Frost, Darrel R. Dicroglossidae Anderson, 1871. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. 2014 [26 January 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2019-03-26）. Dicroglossidae. AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2014 [26 January 2014]. （原始內容存檔於2014-10-09）. R. Alexander Pyron; John J. Wiens. A large-scale phylogeny of Amphibia including over 2800 species, and a revised classification of extant frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 2011, 61 (2): 543–583. PMID 21723399. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.06.012. P. Deepak, K.P. Dinesh, K.S. Chetan Nag, Annemarie Ohler, Kartik Shanker, Princia D Souza, Vishal Kumar Prasad and J.S. Ashadevi. 2024. Discovery and Description of A New Species of Burrowing Frog Sphaerotheca Günther, 1859 (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from the suburban landscapes of Bengaluru, India. Zootaxa. 5405(3); 381-410. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5405.3.3
