南方基督教領袖會議(Southern Christian Leadership Conference;SCLC)是一個非裔美國人民權組織,總部位於美國喬治亞州亞特蘭大。其第一任主席是馬丁·路德·金,在美國非裔美國人民權運動中發揮了重要作用。[1]
Quick Facts 簡稱, 成立時間 ...
Close
1957年1月10日,在聯合抵制蒙哥馬利公車運動勝利後,馬丁·路德·金與貝亞德·魯斯汀、埃拉·貝克等人邀請約60名黑人牧師和領袖到亞特蘭大的埃比尼澤教堂集會[2]。1月11日,一群人舉行首次會議,並在當天舉行新聞發布會公布名稱「Southern Negro Leaders Conference on Transportation and Nonviolent Integration」。
2月15日,組織在新奧爾良舉行會議,改名「Negro Leaders Conference on Nonviolent Integration」,不久改名「Southern Negro Leaders Conference」[3]。金擔任主席[4]。1957年8月舉行的第三次會議上,該組織決定定為現名,將其關注範圍從公共汽車擴展到一切形式的種族隔離[5]。
該組織號召人們通過公民不服從、抵制和遊行等方法達成目標,因此一般認為比全國有色人種協進會更激進,後者通過訴訟、立法遊說和教育活動達成目的。但它不如種族平等大會或學生非暴力協調委員會激進。[7]
National Staff. The All-New National SCLC. March 26, 2018 [2020-10-01]. (原始內容存檔於2023-05-28).
- Aguiar, Marian; Gates, Henry Louis. Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Africana: the encyclopedia of the African and African American experience. New York: Basic Civitas Books. 1999. ISBN 0-465-00071-1.
- Cooksey, Elizabeth B. Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). The new Georgia encyclopedia. Athens, GA: Georgia Humanities Council. December 23, 2004 [February 12, 2008]. OCLC 54400935. (原始內容存檔於2012-10-12).
- Fairclough, Adam. "The Preachers and the People: The Origins and Early Years of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1955-1959." Journal of Southern History (1986): 403–440. in JSTOR (頁面存檔備份,存於網際網路檔案館)
- Fairclough, Adam. To Redeem the Soul of America: The Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Martin Luther King, Jr. (University of Georgia Press, 2001)
- Garrow, David. Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1986); Pulitzer Prize
- Marable, Manning; Mullings, Leith. Freedom: A Photographic History of the African American Struggle. London: Phaidon. 2002. ISBN 0-7148-4270-2.
- Peake, Thomas R. Keeping the dream alive: A history of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference from King to the nineteen-eighties (P. Lang, 1987)
- Williams, Juan. Eyes on The Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965. New York: Viking. 1987. ISBN 0-670-81412-1.