養兵彌亂指宋太祖為鞏固統治秩序,防止民變而採取的一項軍事策略。
宋太祖建立宋朝後,召見趙普等大臣商議治理國家之策。宋太祖認為可以為百代利者,唯養兵而已。逢災荒之年,有叛民而無叛兵;安樂之年,有叛兵而無叛民。鑒此,宋朝於災荒之年招募饑民,以拱守衛。因此雖然有暴戾不馴者,也不會發動起義。這樣就使到社會不安定的大批無業者都轉化為鞏固統治的力量[1] 。
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