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侍衛親軍是五代十國、宋元的一種中央禁軍的編制名。後梁太祖朱溫開始設置侍衛馬步軍。[1]北宋借鑑後周殿前軍被都點檢趙匡胤控制而發動陳橋兵變，從殿前軍中析出侍衛親軍，後又分設馬步軍，不再設都點檢而只設都指揮使。[2]蒙元侍衛親軍原型則是世祖忽必烈在華北漢人世侯的建議下所設的武衛軍親軍，因前任蒙古可汗蒙哥的怯薛護送靈柩返回漠北，忽必烈急需一隻新的部隊取代了怯薛軍「大中統的地位」，而怯薛的職能開始下降，這支侍衛親軍在與阿里不哥爭奪正統的過程中發揮了重要作用。[3]
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