頸槽蛇屬（學名：Rhabdophis）是蛇亞目游蛇科下的一個蛇屬，主要分布於東南亞地區。
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本屬蛇種原隸廣義的游蛇屬（Natrix sensu lato），1960年美國學者埃德蒙·馬爾納泰（Edmond V. Malnate）將其分出。本屬蛇種的半陰莖分支，最後二枚上頜齒顯著地大，向後彎曲，與其前方的齒列間常有一齒間隙。陸棲，鼻間鱗前緣寬大，鼻孔側位，背鱗有或無端窩，某些中有脊腺（頸腺），頸背常有縱溝。[2]
本屬目前確認有31種：[3]
- 海南頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis adleri Zhao, 1997
- 辛加朗頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis akraios
- 頸斑頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis angeli
- 白線頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis auriculata
- 巴氏頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis barbouri
- 紅斑頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis bindi [4]
- 橫斑頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis callichroma
- 博氏頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis callistus
- 錫蘭頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis ceylonensis
- 螭吻頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis chiwen Chen, Ding, Chen et Piao, 2020[5]
- 甘氏頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis chrysargoides
- 黃腹頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis chrysargos
- 擬紅脖頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis confusus David et Vogel, 2021
- 紅腹頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis conspicillatus
- 黃頭頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis flaviceps
- 廣東頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis guangdongensis Zhu, Wang, Takeuchi and Zhao, 2014
- 北方頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis helleri (Schmidt, 1925)
- 喜山頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis himalayanus (Günther, 1864)
- Rhabdophis hmongorum Kane, Tapley, La & Nguyen, 2023[6]
- 緬甸頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis leonardi (Wall, 1923)
- 鋸紋頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis lineatus
- 穆魯德頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis murudensis
- 黑紋頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis nigrocincta (Blyth, 1856)
- 頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis nuchalis (Boulenger, 1891)[7]
- 九龍頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis pentasupralabralis
- 綠頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis plumbicolor
- 九龍頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis pentasupralabialis Jiang and Zhao, 1983
- 藍脖頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis rhodomelas
- 泰國頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis siamensis (Mell, 1931)
- 菲律賓頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis spilogaster
- 紅脖頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis subminiatus
- 台灣頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis swinhonis (Günther, 1868)
- 虎斑頸槽蛇 Rhabdophis tigrinus (Boie, 1826)
Takeuchi, Hirohiko; Savitzky, Alan H.; Ding, Li; de Silva, Anslem; Das, Indraneil; Nguyen, Tao Thien; Tsai, Tein-Shun; Jono, Teppei; Zhu, Guang-Xiang; Mahaulpatha, Dharshani; Tang, Yezhong; Mori, Akira. Evolution of nuchal glands, unusual defensive organs of Asian natricine snakes (Serpentes: Colubridae), inferred from a molecular phylogeny. Ecology and Evolution. 2018-10, 8 (20): 10219–10232. doi:10.1002/ece3.4497. Abhijit Das, Eric N. Smith, Irvan Sidik, Goutam C. Sarker, Bitupan Boruah, Naitik G. Patel, B.H.C.K Murthy and V. Deepak. 2021. Hidden in the Plain Sight: A New Species of Rhabdophis (Serpentes: Natricinae) from the Rhabdophis himalayanus complex. Zootaxa. 5020(3); 401-433. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5020.3.1
Daniel Kane, Benjamin Tapley, Toi Van La and Luan Thanh Nguyen. 2023. A New Species of the Genus Rhabdophis Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Colubridae) from the Hoang Lien Range, northwest Vietnam. Zootaxa. 5343(2); 101-125. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5343.2.1
Tan Van Nguyen and Patrick David. 2023. On the Occurrence of Rhabdophis leonardi (Wall, 1923) in Vietnam and Laos, with Preliminary Comments on the Taxonomy and Distribution of the Complex of Rhabdophis nuchalis (Squamata: Serpentes: Natricidae). Russian Journal of Herpetology. 30(4); 224-236. DOI: 10.30906/1026-2296-2023-30-4-224-236
