蘭台最早為戰國時,楚國的台名,其上建有宮殿。
漢代是漢代宮內藏書之處,由御史中丞控管。
蘭台建於長安(今西安)宮內,有大量藏書,為防火起見,以石室建築。典藏十分豐富。東漢時班固曾為「蘭台令史」,受詔撰史,故後世稱史官為蘭台,稱「御史台」為「蘭台」。劉復、楊終、傅毅、賈逵、孔僖、李尤等人都曾任蘭台令史。龍朔二年(662年)曾改秘書省為蘭台。
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