舍利霍夫灣

舍利霍夫灣（俄語：залив Шелихова）是俄羅斯堪察加半島西北岸的大型海灣，以俄羅斯探險家格里戈里·伊萬諾維奇·舍利霍夫的姓氏命名。舍利霍夫灣位於鄂霍次克海，包含兩個較小的海灣：西邊的吉日金灣與東邊的品仁納灣；其西南方則有皮亞金半島（英語：P'yagin）、亞姆灣（英語：Yam Bay）與亞姆群島。

舍利霍夫灣 залив Шелихова（俄文）
舍利霍夫灣
位置	東北亞
座標	60°N 158°E
海洋源	北太平洋鄂霍次克海
所在國家	俄羅斯

鄂霍次克海幌筵島西北海岸也有一個舍利霍夫灣（50.3764°N 155.62°E / 50.3764; 155.62），名稱相近但地點、面積都不同。

歷史

1849年至1900年間，獵捕弓頭鯨與灰鯨的美國捕鯨船時常到舍利霍夫灣捕魚，並與當地居民交易漁獲及馴鹿，漁民們將這片海域稱為東北灣（Northeast Gulf）。^[1][2][3][4]1867年8月11日，來自美國麻塞諸塞州新伯福「史黛拉」號三桅帆船在舍利霍夫灣西北岸的特列蒂島遭遇船難，船被撞成碎片，兩名船員在撞擊過程中罹難，剩餘船員則被其它船隻救起。^[5][6][7]

野生動物

春、夏季期間，白鯨會聚集在舍利霍夫灣海域及河口，捕食產卵季的鮭魚、公魚與太平洋鯡。^[8]春季的舍利霍夫灣也能看到弓頭鯨。^[9]

參考文獻

1. Mary and Susan, of Stonington, July 18-Aug. 8, 1849, Nicholson Whaling Collection (NWC); Abraham Barker, of New Bedford, June 10-July 17, 1856, NWC; Florida, of Fairhaven, July 7-Sep. 5, 1861 (Williams, One Whaling Family [1964], pp. 186-198); Josephine, of New Bedford, June 9-July 15, 1865, June 9–26, 1866, Kendall Whaling Museum (KWM); Arnolda, of New Bedford, June-Aug. 1874, ODHS; Mary and Helen II, of San Francisco, April 29-May 30, June 9-Aug. 4, 1885, KWM.
2. Jochelson, W. The Koryak. The Jesup North Pacific Expedition VI. Leiden/New York: Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History. 1905 （英語）.
3. Allen, J. A. (1903). "Report of the mammals collected in northeastern Siberia by the Jesup North Pacific expedition with itinerary and field notes, by N. G. Buxton". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. XIX, pp. 101-184.
4. Sea Breeze, of New Bedford, Aug. 18, 1866, May 25, 1868, ODHS.
5. Sea Breeze, of New Bedford, Aug. 15, 1867, ODHS.
6. Whalemen's Shipping List and Merchants' Transcript (Vol. XXV, No. 35, Oct. 29, 1867, New Bedford).
7. Starbuck, Alexander. History of the American Whale Fishery from Its Earliest Inception to the year 1876. Castle. 1878. ISBN 1-55521-537-8 （英語）.
8. Solovyev, B. A., Shpak, O. V., Glazov, D. M., Rozhnov, V. V., & D. M. Kuznetsova. (2015). "Summer distribution of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) in the Sea of Okhotsk". Russian J. Theriol. 14 (2): 201-215.
9. Moore, S. E., and R. R. Reeves (1993). "Distribution and Movement". In Burns, J. J.; Montague, J. J.; and Cowles, C. J. The Bowhead Whale. Special Publication No. 2: The Society for Marine Mammalogy.