油苗(英語:petroleum seep) 是指液態或氣態碳氫化合物逃逸到地球大氣和地表的地方,油苗通常在石油圈閉構造之上[1]。碳氫化合物可能沿著地層逸出,或通過岩石中的裂縫,或直接從含油岩石的露頭中逸出[2]

石油逸出有兩種原因。由於構造運動破壞石油儲層上方的蓋層,導致油氣因浮力向地表遷移。或因增加埋深,導致石油儲層和蓋層超壓,故而破壞蓋層的密封性 [3]

參考文獻

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