何川(1972年2月25日—)是一位華裔美國生化學家,現為芝加哥大學約翰·T·威爾森傑出講座教授(John T. Wilson Distinguished Service Professor),並為霍華德·休斯醫學研究所研究員[1],知名於發現與闡明mRNA甲基化對基因表現的調控機制[2]。
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2023年,何川因對RNA修飾開創性的研究而獲頒該年度的沃爾夫化學獎[3]。
何川於1972年出生於文革期間的中國貴州清鎮,畢業於凱里第一中學[4],1994年於中國科學技術大學獲化學學士學位,2000年於麻省理工學院獲博士學位,指導教授為斯蒂芬·利帕德。隨後他於哈佛大學格雷戈里·L·維爾丁的實驗室進行博士後研究,2002年獲芝加哥大學化學系聘為教授[5]。
2010年,何川提出mRNA上的可逆修飾可能和DNA與蛋白質的修飾一樣可調控基因表現的假說[2],真核生物mRNA上的甲基化修飾N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)早在1974年就被發現,但其功能與機制均不明,2011年何川與實驗室成員發表了首個可將mRNA的m6A去甲基化的酵素FTO蛋白[6],2014年與2015年進一步發現YTHDF2與YTHDF1蛋白可識別與結合mRNA上的m6A,並分別調控(促進)mRNA的降解與轉譯,闡明RNA甲基修飾對基因表現的調控機制[7][8],另外其實驗室也成功純化了將mRNA上的A甲基化成m6A的METTL3-METTL14複合體[9];2020年何川團隊發現m6A可促進許多染色體相關調控RNA(chromosome-associated regulatory RNA,carRNAs)的降解,進而透過改變染色體包裹的緊密程度而影響基因轉錄[10][11];2021年何川團隊發現在水稻中轉入人類的FTO基因(m6A的去甲基酶)可大幅增加其產量[12][13]。
除RNA修飾以外,何川實驗室也研究DNA甲基化,開發了對基因組中的5-羥甲基胞嘧啶(5hmc)進行測序的技術TAB-seq,以及可共價標記5hmc的hmC-Seal[14][15],並與其他實驗室合作發表DNA上N6-甲基脫氧腺苷在多種真核生物中調控基因表現的機制[16][17][18]。
Chuan He. Wolf Foundation. 2023 [2023-02-09]. (原始內容存檔於2023-02-12).
Jia, Guifang; Fu, Ye; Zhao, Xu; Dai, Qing; Zheng, Guanqun; Yang, Ying; Yi, Chengqi; Lindahl, Tomas; Pan, Tao; Yang, Yun-Gui; He, Chuan. N6-Methyladenosine in nuclear RNA is a major substrate of the obesity-associated FTO. Nature Chemical Biology. 2011-12, 7 (12) [2022-08-28]. ISSN 1552-4469. PMC 3218240 . PMID 22002720. doi:10.1038/nchembio.687. (原始內容存檔於2022-10-17).
Wang, Xiao; Zhao, Boxuan Simen; Roundtree, Ian A.; Lu, Zhike; Han, Dali; Ma, Honghui; Weng, Xiaocheng; Chen, Kai; Shi, Hailing; He, Chuan. N6-methyladenosine Modulates Messenger RNA Translation Efficiency. Cell. 2015-06-04, 161 (6). ISSN 0092-8674. PMC 4825696 . PMID 26046440. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.05.014.
Wang, Xiao; Lu, Zhike; Gomez, Adrian; Hon, Gary C.; Yue, Yanan; Han, Dali; Fu, Ye; Parisien, Marc; Dai, Qing; Jia, Guifang; Ren, Bing. N6-methyladenosine-dependent regulation of messenger RNA stability. Nature. 2014-01, 505 (7481) [2022-08-28]. ISSN 1476-4687. PMC 3877715 . PMID 24284625. doi:10.1038/nature12730. (原始內容存檔於2023-02-08).
Liu, Jianzhao; Yue, Yanan; Han, Dali; Wang, Xiao; Fu, Ye; Zhang, Liang; Jia, Guifang; Yu, Miao; Lu, Zhike; Deng, Xin; Dai, Qing. A METTL3–METTL14 complex mediates mammalian nuclear RNA N6-adenosine methylation. Nature Chemical Biology. 2014-02, 10 (2) [2022-08-28]. ISSN 1552-4469. PMC 3911877 . PMID 24316715. doi:10.1038/nchembio.1432. (原始內容存檔於2022-12-27).
Liu, Jun; Dou, Xiaoyang; Chen, Chuanyuan; Chen, Chuan; Liu, Chang; Xu, Meng Michelle; Zhao, Siqi; Shen, Bin; Gao, Yawei; Han, Dali; He, Chuan. N 6 -methyladenosine of chromosome-associated regulatory RNA regulates chromatin state and transcription. Science. 2020-01-31, 367 (6477) [2022-01-19]. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 7213019 . PMID 31949099. doi:10.1126/science.aay6018. (原始內容存檔於2022-10-08).
Yu, Qiong; Liu, Shun; Yu, Lu; Xiao, Yu; Zhang, Shasha; Wang, Xueping; Xu, Yingying; Yu, Hong; Li, Yulong; Yang, Junbo; Tang, Jun. RNA demethylation increases the yield and biomass of rice and potato plants in field trials. Nature Biotechnology. 2021-12, 39 (12) [2022-08-28]. ISSN 1546-1696. doi:10.1038/s41587-021-00982-9. (原始內容存檔於2023-02-08).
Yu, Miao; Hon, Gary C.; Szulwach, Keith E.; Song, Chun-Xiao; Zhang, Liang; Kim, Audrey; Li, Xuekun; Dai, Qing; Shen, Yin; Park, Beomseok; Min, Jung-Hyun. Base-Resolution Analysis of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in the Mammalian Genome. Cell. 2012-06-08, 149 (6). ISSN 0092-8674. PMC 3589129 . PMID 22608086. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.04.027.
Song, Chun-Xiao; Szulwach, Keith E.; Fu, Ye; Dai, Qing; Yi, Chengqi; Li, Xuekun; Li, Yujing; Chen, Chih-Hsin; Zhang, Wen; Jian, Xing; Wang, Jing. Selective chemical labeling reveals the genome-wide distribution of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. Nature Biotechnology. 2011-01, 29 (1) [2022-08-28]. ISSN 1546-1696. PMC 3107705 . PMID 21151123. doi:10.1038/nbt.1732. (原始內容存檔於2023-02-10).
Fu, Ye; Luo, Guan-Zheng; Chen, Kai; Deng, Xin; Yu, Miao; Han, Dali; Hao, Ziyang; Liu, Jianzhao; Lu, Xingyu; Doré, Louis C.; Weng, Xiaocheng. N6-Methyldeoxyadenosine Marks Active Transcription Start Sites in Chlamydomonas. Cell. 2015-05-07, 161 (4). ISSN 0092-8674. PMC 4427561 . PMID 25936837. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.04.010.
Greer, Eric Lieberman; Blanco, Mario Andres; Gu, Lei; Sendinc, Erdem; Liu, Jianzhao; Aristizábal-Corrales, David; Hsu, Chih-Hung; Aravind, L.; He, Chuan; Shi, Yang. DNA Methylation on N6-Adenine in C. elegans. Cell. 2015-05-07, 161 (4). ISSN 0092-8674. PMC 4427530 . PMID 25936839. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.04.005.
Zhang, Guoqiang; Huang, Hua; Liu, Di; Cheng, Ying; Liu, Xiaoling; Zhang, Wenxin; Yin, Ruichuan; Zhang, Dapeng; Zhang, Peng; Liu, Jianzhao; Li, Chaoyi. N6-Methyladenine DNA Modification in Drosophila. Cell. 2015-05-07, 161 (4). ISSN 0092-8674. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.04.018.
Chuan He. Searle Scholars Program. [2022-01-19]. (原始內容存檔於2021-11-19).
Chuan He. Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation. [2018-08-01]. (原始內容存檔於2018-08-01).
SBIC Awards. The Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry. [2022-01-19]. (原始內容存檔於2021-04-12).