Aircraft Carriers: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, MD: UnitedStatesNavalInstitute Press. 1983 [2010-12-08]. ISBN 978-0-87021-739-5. (原始内容存档于2019-12-12)
UnitedStatesNavalInstitute Proceedings. September 1966. Polmar, Norman. The Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet: Torpedoes. UnitedStatesNaval Institute
Capt. Edward L. Beach, Jr.. Annapolis, Maryland: NavalInstitute Press(英语:UnitedStatesNavalInstitute). 2010 [2014-05-03]. ISBN 978-1591142669. (原始内容存档于2010-07-13)