俄军在数量上有着极大的优势(85万俄军对25万德军),但由于俄军间的配合不利,入侵行动最终还是以俄军的惨败而告终。 XI Corps, Guards Reserve Corps, 8th Cavalry Division Sanitaetsbericht ueber das Deutsche Heer
1st Battalion Cape Corps, 1915–1919. Cape Town: Hortors. 1920 [2014-03-02]. OCLC 13300378. Downes, W. D. With the Nigerians in German East Africa. London: